儿童哮喘变应原皮肤点刺试验549例结果分析  

Analysis of allergen skin test results in 549 cases of children with asthma

作　　者：张少明[1] 戴星[1] 顾洪亮[1] 钱耀琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院儿科,200011

出　　处：《临床肺科杂志》2006年第6期751-752,共2页Journal of Clinical Pulmonary Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析儿童哮喘的常见变应原和皮肤变应原点刺试验在哮喘病原诊断中的应用。方法采用复旦大学医学院螨类研究室提供的变应原皮试液,用生理盐水作阴性对照,盐酸组胺作阳性对照。在患儿前臂屈侧皮肤进行点刺试验。结果549例儿童哮喘中,变应原皮肤点刺阳性438例(79.8%),阳性率随年龄增加而增加。所有变应原中,尘螨阳性率最高(60.8%),其次是动物皮毛(21.5%)和棉絮(18.21%)。变应原阳性率与哮喘发作频度呈正相关,性别间无显著性差异。结论尘螨、动物皮毛、棉絮是本地区儿童哮喘最主要的变应原,变应原皮肤点刺试验更适宜在3岁以上有反复哮喘发作的患儿中应用。Objective To analyze the common allergens and investigate the application of skin prick test in the pathogen of asthma. Methods The allergic liquid for test was provided the ermatophagoides farina laboratory by Fudan University School of Medicine. The negative control liquid was sodium chloride injection （0. 9% ） and the positive control liquid was histamine hydrochloride. 549 patients were given the skin prick test in the flexor aspect of forearm. Results （ 1 ） 438 children＇s outcome were positive, the positive rate was 79.8%. The positive rate increased with age. （2） Dermatophagoides farina,animal skin and cotton fiber were most important allergens in our study and the positive rate was 60. 8%, 21.5% and 18. 21%, respectively. （3） The positive ratio of the allergen and the frequency of asthmatic attack were positively correlated. The positive ratio of the allergen had no difference with the patient＇s sex. Conclusion Dermatophagoides farina, animal skin and cotton fibre are the most common allergens in the children with asthma in our area. The allergen skin prick test is suitable for the children of 3 years old or above who suffered from asthma which has occurred repeatedly.

关 键 词：儿童哮喘 变应原 皮肤点刺试验 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]