气候变化对黄土丘陵沟壑区植被净第一性生产力的影响模拟  

Simulated the impact of climate change on net primary production in hilly area of Loess Plateau,China

作　　者：许红梅[1] 高清竹[2] 黄永梅[3] 贾海坤[3] 

机构地区：[1]国家气候中心中国气象局气候研究开放实验室,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [3]北京师范大学资源学院北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《生态学报》2006年第9期2939-2947,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40401009);中国气象局气候变化专项资助项目(CCSF2006-10)~~

摘　　要：以黄土丘陵沟壑区典型小流域纸坊沟流域为例,利用当前气候状况和不同气候情景下的气象数据驱动植被净第一性生产力模型VSIM,模拟气候变化对黄土丘陵沟壑区植被净第一性生产力(NPP)的影响。结果表明:(1)流域NPP对温度升高比对降雨变化的反应更为敏感,土壤水分状况受降雨变化影响显著,温度升高后流域土壤水分也明显下降。(2)草本和半灌木群落的NPP由于温度升高降低最多,沙棘灌丛的NPP受降雨变化影响最为明显,而刺槐林、苹果林和柠条灌丛对降雨变化反应不敏感;(3)综合降雨和气温都增加的情况,流域NPP仍呈下降趋势,只有沙棘灌丛因降雨的增加NPP减小的程度明显降低;(4)大部分植被类型在降雨和温度升高后水分利用效率降低,只有沙棘灌丛和铁杆蒿群落在降雨增加后有所提高,除铁杆蒿群落外,降雨减少使得大部分植被类型的水分利用效率提高。The hilly area of loess plateau is well known for its high erosion rate and sensitive to the global change for their vulnerable ecosystem. This paper simulated impact of climate change on net primary production in hilly area of Loess Plateau at Zhifanggou watershed by using vegetation-soil integrated model （VSIM）. Based on analyzing the trends of climate for 50 years of study area, 4 climate change scenarios, which included 20% changes in daily precipitation, 2℃ increase chosen arbitrarily, synthesize 20% increase in precipitation and 2℃ increase in temperature were used for sensitive tests, and run VSIM under current climate condition and 4 climate scenarios during period of 1990-1999. The simulated results were compared with that of present climate to analyze the effect of possible changes in climate variables on the net primary production processes. The result showed that （ 1 ） Net primary production was more sensitive to temperature increasing than the change of precipitation, soil water condition was affect by precipitation significantly, and decreased while temperature increased. （2） Net primary production reduced dramatically for 2℃ increase in the average air temperature for all vegetation, and grasses and sub-shrubs behaved more sensitive than others. Among all vegetation types, net primary production of Form. H. rhamnoides changed significantly while precipitation changed, and Form. R. pseudoacacia, Form. M. pumila and Form. C. korshinskii changed slightly. （3） Synthesize 20% increased in precipitation and 2℃ increasesd in temperature, net primary production of the watershed still declined except Form. H. rhamnoides decreased less for its sensitivity to precipitation change. （4） Water use efficiency decreased while precipitation and temperature increased for most vegetation types except Form. H. rhamnoides and Form. A. gmelinii, and Water use efficiency increased for most vegetation types except Form. A. gmelinii.

关 键 词：净第一性生产力 气候变化 VSIM 黄土丘陵沟壑区 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]