余庆县2001至2005年黑线姬鼠种群动态和繁殖规律研究  

Study on the Seasonal Population Dynamics and Population Reproduction of Apodemus agrarius in 2001-2005 at Yuqing County

作　　者：郑元利[1] 杨再学[1] 胡支先[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省余庆县植保植检站,余庆564400

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2006年第5期366-369,共4页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：贵州省优秀科技教育人才省长专项资金项目〔黔省专合字(2005)30号〕

摘　　要：目的进一步摸清黑线姬鼠种群数量季节变化规律和种群繁殖特征的变动规律,为其种群数量预测预报和防治提供科学依据。方法2001-2005年每月定期在稻田、旱地2种生境采用夹夜法调查,收集鼠类标本,分类鉴定,计算捕获率及鼠种组成,并解剖观察其繁殖状况,获取性别、怀孕率、胎仔数、睾丸下降率、繁殖指数等有关数据。结果黑线姬鼠主要分布于稻田、旱地耕作区,是余庆县农田害鼠优势种,占总鼠数的89.97%。对其种群性比、雌鼠怀孕率、胎仔数、繁殖指数、雄鼠睾丸下降率的季节变化及种群数量消长动态作了系统分析,5年平均捕获率为4.06%,平均怀孕率为26.97%,平均胎仔数为5.14只,平均繁殖指数为0.66,平均睾丸下降率为62.40%,每年4-5月和8-9月出现2次繁殖高峰,5-6月和10-12月出现2个数量高峰。结论黑线姬鼠是该县监测和防制的主要对象,每年3和8月为最佳策略性防制时期,化学防制仍是农田灭鼠的主要手段之一。Objective To study the rodent species composition and population dynamics for providing scientific basis to rodent control. Methods To capture rodents with trapnight for rodent specimen at the same period of each month from 2001-2005 in residential area, rice field and dry farm land. Results The results showed that Apodernus agrarius is a dominant mouse species, which takes up 89.97% of total number of all rodents species in field. The mean pregnancy rate, litter size and reproductive index of eight years were 26.97 %, 5.14 and 0.66 respectively. According to the body weight and reproductive characters, the control counter measures has been put forward based on the occurrence rule and prevention technique in recent years.Conclusion Apodernus agrarius are the target rodents for surveillance and control; March and August are the key periods for rodent control. Chemical control is one of the main rodent control measures.

关 键 词：黑线姬鼠 发生动态 繁殖特性 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]