创造的“模板”  

The Formwork of Creation

作　　者：费多益[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学心理学博士后流动站

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2006年第10期31-36,共6页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"当代生命科学哲学发展趋势研究"(项目批准号:06CZX012);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"现代归纳逻辑的创新功能与应用及其认知基础研究"(项目批准号:05JZD0008)

摘　　要：所谓“模板”是一种隐喻的说法,人们往往相信,创造需要给予完全的自由,只要突破任何框架的约束,就能增加产生创意的概率。然而,被告诫“打破规则”的人,并不一定比那些遵循规则的人更善于解决问题,因为,一个可供参考的认知框架将会增强人们对“游戏规则”的敏感度,基于模板的创意具有高度的创造性。选择力是隐藏于创造性背后的“忽略的智慧”,科学发现是模式识别与选择性搜索的协作过程,如何从“信息海洋”里捞出那根真正有意义的“针”,也许能从意向性中找到答案。另一方面,过量的信息导致了注意力的贫乏,在信息化社会的今天,注意力成为稀缺的资源。当新信息潮水般涌来的时候,如果没有将它有秩序地纳入意识,精神错乱就容易出现。创造性思想的形成同时伴随着思维的混沌,在这关键时刻出现的无序正是精神分裂的表现。而思维中的有序性和条理性是一种对混沌控制的结果,它来自思维中的自组织和不同层次间的相互调控。The socalled formwork is a kind of metaphor. People often believe that creation needs absolute freedom. They think that the probability of originality will increase as long as the restriction of framework has been broken through. However, those who have been exhorted to break rules are not surely better at solving problems than those who go by the rules. This is because a cognitive framework for reference will strengthen the degree of sensitivity to the rules of games. The originality based on the formwork has high creativity. Selection is the neglected wisdom that hides behind creativity. The selective search might be explained accordingng to intentionality. Creative thinking goes with chaos, the orderlessness will result in psychopathy if new information can not be orderly brought into consciousness when confronted with tides of information. And the method comes from the self -organization in thinking.

关 键 词：规则 搜索 信息 混沌 

分 类 号：N03[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]