锂离子蓄电池热稳定性的机理  

The study of the thermal runaway of Li-ion batteries

作　　者：胡杨[1] 李艳[1] 连芳[1] 钟盛文[1] 李培植[1] 万新华[1] 刘庆国[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学固体电解质研究室,北京100083

出　　处：《电源技术》2006年第10期833-836,共4页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：研究了18650型锂离子蓄电池及其组分的热稳定性。热箱实验证明LiMn2O4组装的电池,比LiCoO2和包埋-LiNiO2组装的电池安全性好。通过X射线衍射光谱法(XRD)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)进一步确定在升温过程中正极/负极材料的热量释放过程和差异。结果表明,LiCoO2和包埋-LiNiO2组装的电池热失控主要是由正极的分解及其和电解液反应的放热造成;而LiMn2O4电池爆炸的主要原因是高温下石墨嵌锂和金属锂沉积与聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、电解液之间的反应。Thermal stability of 18650-type Li-ion batteries and their components were investigated in this paper. The hot-box test results showed that the cells using LiMn2O4 as the cathode material would be safer than those using LiCoO2 and coated-LiNiO2. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） were used to determine the thermal stability of the cell＇s cathode and anode films in elevated temperature. According to our results, it is indicated that the decomposition of cathode materials and the reaction with electrolyte would be the main reasons for the thermal runaway for the cells assembled using LiCoO2 and coated-LiNiO2 as cathode materials, while, the exothermic reactions of LixC6 and plated lithium metal particles with binder PVDF and electrolyte solution would pay a important role for the thermal runaway of LiMn2O4 cathode batteries.

关 键 词：锂离子蓄电池 热稳定性 X射线衍射光谱法 差示扫描量热法 

分 类 号：TM912.9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]