模拟眼记录跳水运动入水眼压变化的试验研究  

Intraocular pressure monitoring in diving experiment of model eye with tension sensor.

作　　者：徐亮[1] 张新媛[1] 刘爱珍[1] 陈嵘 陈延航[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院眼科中心北京市眼科研究所,100005 [2]北京颐松科技发展有限公司

出　　处：《眼科》2006年第4期271-273,共3页Ophthalmology in China

基　　金：国家体委备战奥运重点科研攻关项目(2003025)

摘　　要：目的为了降低跳水运动所致视网膜脱离的高发病率，通过研制压力感受器模拟眼，研究不同情况下模拟眼眼压曲线的影响因素，提出眼防护措施。设计实验研究。研究对象内置压力传感器的模拟眼。方法模拟眼由硅胶制成，内置压力传感器，其量程为0—800mmHg，采样频率为512Hz。模拟眼置于模拟头的突出程度分别为-3．5mm、0mm、5mm、10mm，内置模拟眼跳水整体装置的重量分别为6kg、11kg、16kg、26kg。试验跳台为10m、5m、3m。跳水入水角度为正常垂直入水及平拍入水。主要指标模拟眼眼压曲线。结果模拟眼记录的眼压有两个时段，先出现的瞬间冲击压为振荡峰压，后出现的静水压为逐渐上升至平台的曲线。在正常体位入水时，瞬间冲击压总是小于静水压，眼球突出程度对瞬间冲击压无明显影响；随着跳水高度、跳水负重的增加，瞬间冲击压也随之增加。而平拍入水时，在10m跳台、负重16kg，入水瞬间眼压达520mmHg，明显高于静水压。结论跳水入水角度是影响瞬间模拟眼眼压最重要的因素。建议跳水失误时应用手臂护眼，可有效减少眼损害。（眼科，2006，15：271．273）Objective To reduce incidence of a disease on retinal detachment and supply protecting suggestions in diving, the model eye was designed and applied to study some factors in different conditions of diving. Design Experimental study. Participants Model eye with tension sensor. Methods The model eye was designed with silica gel and tension sensor including 0-800mmHg of testing range and 512Hz of sampling frequency. The concavo--convex grades of model eye placed in model head were -3.5mm, 0mm, 5mm, 10mm. The whole weight of model device in diving was 6kg, 1 1kg, 16kg, 26kg apart. The height of diving board was 10m, 5m, 3m apart. The angle of entering water in diving was vertical or horizontal. Main Outcome Measures Intraoeular pressure of model eye. Results The intraocular pressure recorded with model eye had two periods of time. The first one was the peak value of shock wave, the second one was the curve of the tension of immobile water. When the position of entering water was correct, the peak value of shock wave always was less than the tension of immobile water. The peak value of shock wave was affected by weight of model device and the height of diving board, but not prominent by the concavo--convex grades of model eye. When the position of entering water was horizontal, the peak value of shock wave was 520mmHg and much higher than the tension of immobile water. Conclusion The angle of entering water in diving was the most important factor on the peak value of shock wave. We suggest that when the angle of entering water in diving was wrong, divers should protect their eyes with their arms to reduce the damage of eyes. （ Ophtholmol CHN, 2006, 15： 271-273 ）

关 键 词：视网膜脱离 跳水运动 压力感受器 模拟眼 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]