星形胶质细胞分泌血小板反应蛋白(TSP)促进神经突触形成  

Thrombospondins are astrocyte-secreted proteins that promote synaptogenesis

作　　者：李佩尧[1] 张成岗[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院放射与辐射医学研究所,北京100850

出　　处：《军事医学科学院院刊》2006年第4期372-374,共3页Bulletin of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划("973"计划)(2003CB715900);国家高技术研究发展计划("863"计划)(2002AA234021;2002AA832031);国家海外青年学者合作研究基金(30128010);国家自然科学基金重大研究计划(90208017)资助

摘　　要：近年来陆续有研究指出,星形胶质细胞(AST)在神经系统中的作用已经远远超出以前认识的作为神经支持细胞的概念,并将导致出现神经科学研究中的胶质细胞新时代。最新研究发现。AST可分泌血小板反应蛋白(TSP1／2)促进神经突触形成,其机制可能是TSP1／2通过与一种或多种突触特异蛋白结合,激活突触前膜和(或)突触后膜信号蛋白,从而诱导神经突触形成。此发现对于理解胶质细胞的新功能以及研究癫痫等神经性疾病的发病机制及治疗具有重要意义。Over the past few years, new studies have indicated that astrocytes should not be viewed as support cells only, but rather as cells that actively control the structural and functional plasticity of synapses in developing and adult organisms. However, much less is known about their presence and possible roles in the nervous system. In recent studies, it has been found that the astrocytes can secrete thrombospondins （TSP）——large extracellular matrix as proteinaceous components of the synaptogenic material. Although its precise mechanisms of action are not known, TSP may halt the migration of axonal or dendritic growth cones, promote the adhesion of nascent presynaptic （pre） and postsynaptic （post） contact sites, or activate signaling receptors that trigger programs for synaptic differentiation. This finding shows the important role of astrocytes in synaptogenesis and also the important role in studying the mechanism and clinical therapy of the neurological diseases including epilepsy.

关 键 词：星形胶质细胞 血小板反应蛋白 细胞外基质蛋白质类 突触形成 

分 类 号：Q42[生物学—神经生物学]