原核细胞骨架蛋白的结构与功能  

The Structure and Function of Prokaryotic Cytoskeleton

作　　者：陈晓燕[1] 汪志平[1] 杨灵勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学原子核农业科学研究所,农业部核农学重点开放实验室,杭州310029

出　　处：《细胞生物学杂志》2006年第5期699-703,共5页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.30000010)~~

摘　　要：长期以来,人们认为细胞骨架仅为真核生物所特有的结构,但近年来的研究发现它也存在于细菌等原核生物中。目前已经在细菌中发现的FtsZ、MreB和CreS依次与真核细胞骨架蛋白中的微管蛋白、肌动蛋白丝及中间丝类似。FtsZ能在细胞分裂位点装配形成Z环结构,并通过该结构参与细胞分裂的调控;MreB能形成螺旋丝状结构,其主要功能有维持细胞形态、调控染色体分离等;CreS存在于新月柄杆菌中,它在细胞凹面的细胞膜下面形成弯曲丝状或螺旋丝状结构,该结构对维持新月柄杆菌细胞的形态具有重要作用。It was discovered recently that prokaryotes, such as bacteria, possess a cytoskeleton, which has challenged our previous perception of the cytoskeleton as a hallmark of eukaryotic cells. It has been found in bacteria that FtsZ, MreB, CreS, as the bacterial cytoskeletal proteins, were homologous to the three primary eukaryotic cytoskeletal proteins, tubulin, actin filament and intermediate filament, respectively. FtsZ, the major bacterial cell division determinant, forms Z-ring structure that localized in the midcell division site. MreB forms helical filamentous structure underneath the cell membrane, and is important for the maintenance of rod cell shape and for the segregation of chromosomes. CreS, which is found in Caulobacter crescentus, forms a helical structure that colocalized with the inner cell curvatures beneath the cytoplasmic membrane. Moreover, the subcellular localization of the CreS helical structure is important for causing cell curvature or helix.

关 键 词：细胞骨架 原核类似蛋白 结构与功能 

分 类 号：Q245[生物学—细胞生物学]