两种除草剂复合污染对蚯蚓的毒性效应  

Toxicity Effect of Combined Contamination of Two Herbicides to Earthworm

作　　者：徐建[1] 张平[1] 穆洪[2] 高敏苓[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071 [2]南开大学医学院,天津300071

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2006年第5期1188-1192,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：南开大学本科生创新科研"百项工程"资助项目

摘　　要：以赤子爱胜蚓为研究对象,采用滤纸急性毒性实验,研究了农药绿麦隆与阿特拉津对蚯蚓的单一和复合毒性效应,2种农药对蚯蚓体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD酶)活力的影响以及通过苏木素-伊红(HE)染色病理染色切片观察了染毒蚯蚓的细胞形态。单一毒性实验表明,阿特拉津对蚯蚓的毒性大于绿麦隆,绿麦隆和阿特拉津48 h的半致死浓度分别为189.64和43.33 mg.L-1。复合毒性实验表明,绿麦隆分别与30和40 mg.L-1阿特拉津复合,其48 h的半致死量分别为116.03和48.14 mg.L-1。绿麦隆和阿特拉津的复合污染对蚯蚓的毒性具有明显的协同作用,而这种协同作用与污染物的浓度有关。通过观察单一和复合体系中毒蚯蚓SOD酶活力可以看出,无论是单一还是复合体系,随着2种农药浓度的增加,蚯蚓体内SOD酶活性增强。病理HE切片表明,随着绿麦隆浓度的增加,蚯蚓表皮和肠道受损越来越严重,而阿特拉津单体系和绿麦隆与阿特拉津复合体系中毒蚯蚓的消化道破损比较严重,说明绿麦隆和阿特拉津进入蚯蚓体内后作用的部位不同。Toxicity of single and binary herbicide system combined with chlorotoluron and atrazine to earthworm Eiseniafoetida was investigated in this paper. Toxicity tests included acute toxicity test of single and binary herbicide system to the earthworm, the effect of the herbicides on the SOD activity in earthworm and the earthworm cell forms, and the effect of the herbicides on the earthworm cell forms by the pathological section observation. The results showed that atrazine was more toxic to earthworm than chlorotoluron, with LC50 values 43.33 and 189.64 mg·L^-1, respectively. 48 h LC50 values of chlorotoluron to earthworm combined with 30 and 40 mg·L^-1 atrazine respectively were 116.03 and 48.14 mg· L^-1, respectively, indicating the synergistic toxic effect of combined herbicides system to the earthworm. SOD activity of earthworms increased with the increase of chlorotoluron and atrazine concentration in single and combined systems. The pathological section showed that the higher the concentration of chlorotoluron, the more serious epidermis and intestines of earthworms were harmedruined. While atrazine may ruin alimentary tract of earthworms, whatever it existed singly or combined with chlorotoluron. These results showed suggestedthat the herbicides executed their effects on different parts after entering into earthworms.

关 键 词：绿麦隆 阿特拉津 蚯蚓 复合体系 毒性效应 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]