韦伯型设施区位的可计算模型及其应用  

Research and Application of Weber Facility Location

作　　者：张颖[1] 王铮[1] 周嵬[1] 刘筱[2] 闫丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学地理信息科学教育部重点实验室,上海200062 [2]中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所

出　　处：《地理学报》2006年第10期1057-1064,共8页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40371007)~~

摘　　要：设施布局是城市规划中的热点问题,其中具有代表性的韦伯型设施区位应用广泛,能够于离散的空间点区位中配置设施的最佳位置,可解决诸多类型设施的选址问题。以多设施重心模型、最大福利模型和p-中心模型为例,从地计算的角度出发研究其模型及可计算方法。运用可视化开发工具Delphi7.0作为开发平台,使用建立在OCX技术基础上的专业GIS控件MapObjects进行集成二次开发,建立设施区位分析系统,实现模型的计算及地理分析功能,并以上海市松江区新桥镇社会事业发展规划为例,运用该系统解决其社会事业发展对应设施选址问题。结果表明具有合理性,能够作为设施规划布局的辅助决策依据。The facility distribution is a hot issue in the urban layout, in which the representative Weber facility location is widely applied. Weber facility location can collocate the facility the best position in a discrete space and may solve location problem of various facilities. From the point of view of geocomputation, it can be divided into free facility location issue and restrained facility location issue depending on whether the facility orientation scope is restricted, namely whether the space network architecture is considered. It can also be divided into spatial damping and spatial no damping depending on whether it will have mutual effects among spatial geographical entities because of the distance. Based on different classifications, the Multiple Centers-of-gravity model, the Benefit Maximizing model and the p-center model are selected as the examples and computational methods in this study. In view of Integration and Development, the visual development kit Delphi 7.0 is generated as the development platform using specialized GIS widget MapObjects based on the OCX technology and the analysis system of the facility location is established to realize the computation and geographic analysis function of each model. And taking the social enterprise development of Xinqiao county and Songiiang district of Shanghai as an example, utilizing this system, the location problem of facility corresponding to the social enterprises development is solved. The analysis and computation of various distributions of the commune hospitals, the senior-citizen universities and the police workstations fully manifest that the research conclusion can provide a quantitative policy-making basis for reasonable distribution of infrastructural construction.

关 键 词：韦伯型设施区位 地计算 社会事业 上海 

分 类 号：TU984.111[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]