2003-2004年我国小麦叶锈菌致病类型苗期鉴定及毒性分析  

Physiologic specialization at seedling stage and virulence of wheat leaf rust(Puccinia triticina) in China during 2003-2004

作　　者：张全宝[1] 孟庆芳[1] 杨文香[1] 刘大群[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院,河北省农作物病虫害生物防治工程技术研究中心,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2006年第5期60-64,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省教育厅基金项目

摘　　要：为明确小麦叶锈菌的毒性基因谱，对2003～2004采自我国的117株小麦叶锈菌菌株进行了致病性鉴定及毒性基因分析。结果表明：2003—2004年，117株小麦叶锈菌被划分为104个致病类型，其中优势类型为PHSS、PHTT和FHSS，其出现频率分别为4．27％、3．42％和2．56％。毒性基因V2a、V9、V24、V3a、V19、V38、V39、V40、V41、V42、V43和V46的毒性频率〈30％，其对应的抗性基因为有效抗病基因，特别是V38的毒性频率为0，其对应的抗性基因有很好的抗叶锈性。V1、V3ka、V30、V18、V14ab、V15、V20、V21、V23、V28、V29、V32、V33＋34、V36、V44和V45的毒性频率都在30％-60％之间，表明其对应的抗叶锈基因尚有一定的利用价值；V2c、V3、V16、V26、V11、V17、V13、V10、V14a、V2b、V3bg、V14b、V25、V33、V34和V73的毒性频率都〉60％，表明其对应的抗叶锈基因在2003—2004年生产上单独使用几乎没有利用价值。117 isolates of Puccinia triticina were obtained from wheat leaf rust collections made by cooperators throughout China during 2003 and 2004. Physiologic races and pathogenic gene from virulence/avirulence phenotypes on 16 host lines that are Near- isogenic for leaf rust resistance were analyzed. 104 pathogenic types among 117 isolates of 2003 - 2004 were detected. The most frequent virulence phenotypes were PHSS （4.27%）, PHTT （3.42%）, FHSS （2.56%）, respectively. The virulence frequency to V2a, V9, V24, V3a, V19, V38, V39, V40, V41, V42, V43 and V46 were lower than 30 % and no V38 was detected in the test. The virulence frequency to V1, V3ka, V30, V18, V14ab, V15, V20, V21, V23, V28, V29, V32, V33 ＋ 34, V36, V44 and V45 were 30% -60%. The virulence frequency to V2c, V3, V16, V26, Vll, V17, VB, V10, V14a, V2b, V3bg, V14b, V25, V33, V34 and VT3 wereabove 60%. The result showed that Lr2a, Lrg, Lr24, Lr3a, Lr19, Lr38, Lr39, Lr40, Lr41, Lr42, Lr43 and Lr46 confered higher resistance to Puccinia triticina and Lr2c, Lr3, Lr16, Lr26, Lr11 , Lr17, LrB, Lr10, Lr14a, Lr2b, Lr3bg, Lr14b, Lr25, Lr33, Lr34, LrT3 had lost resistance to Puccinia triticina in China during 2003 and 2004.

关 键 词：小麦叶锈菌 致病类型 毒性基因 监测 

分 类 号：Q945.8[农业科学—植物病理学]