辽宁省成年居民吸烟现状分析  

Analysis of Active Smoking State in Adult Locals in Liaoning Province

作　　者：刘钟梅[1] 李绥晶[1] 李欣[1] 李辉[1] 李光[1] 石铁跃[1] 刘向军[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心营养食品安全与学校卫生监测所,辽宁沈阳110005

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2006年第5期339-341,共3页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：卫生部专项经费资助项目(NO.2001DEA30035);科技部重大专项经费资助项目(NO.2003DIA6N008)

摘　　要：目的了解辽宁省不同人群吸烟现状,为开展控烟工作提供依据。方法按经济发展水平及类型将辽宁分为大城市、中小城市、一类农村、三类农村四层,采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取20岁及以上居民作为调查对象。按知情同意原则,采用问卷调查方法。结果共调查8119人,城市4739人,占58.4%,农村3380人,占41.6%;男性3605人,占44.4%,女性4514人,占55.6%。20岁以上人群吸烟率、现在吸烟率、常吸烟率、重型吸烟率分别为30.0%,29.6%,28.7%,13.6%。男性吸烟率、现在吸烟率、常吸烟率、重型吸烟率均高于女性,经χ2检验,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01)。吸烟率从20岁～组逐渐上升,50岁～组以后略降。农村吸烟率高于城市,城市女性吸烟率高于农村女性,城市男性吸烟率低于农村男性,经χ2检验,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同文化程度、职业、经济收入的人群吸烟率比较,经χ2检验,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在吸烟者中,开始吸烟年龄(中位数)男性为20.0岁,女性为27.0岁,男性早于女性。吸烟量(中位数)男性为17支/d,女性为10支/d,男性高于女性;城市人群为14支/d,农村人群为17支/d,农村高于城市。吸过滤嘴香烟者最多,占74.6%。女性吸过滤嘴香烟者(69.7%)低于男性(75.2%),吸无过滤嘴香烟、手卷烟、烟斗、雪茄者均高于男性。农村人群吸无过滤嘴香烟、过滤嘴香烟者低于城市,吸手卷烟、烟斗、雪茄者高于城市。城市人群复吸率高于农村,经χ2检验,差别有统计学意义(χ2=21.86,P<0.01);男性复吸率低于女性,经χ2检验,差别有统计学意义(χ2=11.53,P<0.01)。结论应加强对目标人群和青少年关于吸烟有害的宣传教育,使人们认识到吸烟的危害,以及戒烟对健康的重要性。Objective To know smoking prevalence of different subpopulation in Liaoning province and develop effective tobacco control policies. Methods The sample was obtained through multi-stage randomized cluster sampling, and the data was collected by face-to-face interview and dealt with a descriptive analysis. Results Total 8 119 people aged 20 and over were investigated （3 605 were male and 4 514 female）, of 4 739 were from rural and 3 380 from country. The general active smoking rate was 30.0%, the rate of males （59.9%） was higher than that of females （6.0%） （P〈0.05）, and the rural rate （31.5%） was higher than city＇ s （28.8%） （P〈0.05）. The current active smoking rate, regular active smoking rate, heavy active smoking rate was 29.6% ,28.7% and 13.6%, respectively, and these rates were higher in males than those in females （P〈0.01）; Average starting age of active smoking was 20.0 years old （median）; Current quit smoking rate and relapse rate was 1.0% and 6.1%, respectively. Conclusion The active smoking population was still a huge. The rate of males was higher than that of females and rural higher than city. A series of control measures to quit smoking should be taken.

关 键 词：吸烟 成年人 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R193.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]