中国伊犁天山野果林区系表征地理成分及区系发生的研究  

Studies on the Floristic Composition and Genesis of the Wild Fruit Forest in Tianshan Mountains in China

作　　者：崔大方[1] 廖文波[2] 羊海军[1] 张宏达[2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学生命科学学院,广东广州510642 [2]中山大学生命科学学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2006年第5期555-560,共6页Forest Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"伊犁地区野果林的综合研究"(39770085)

摘　　要：对中国伊犁天山野果林表征植物的组成、特点及性质进行了系统的研究,探讨野果林的来源和发展,结果表明:野果林区系成分是多元的,各类成分在此相互渗透,分布区重叠,使野果林区系没有绝对的本地特色。其中温带成分占有最高的比例(33.33%);西伯利亚-天山过渡成分(17.54%)是野果林植物区系连接北方安加拉(西伯利亚)植物区系的桥梁;天山-沿喜马拉雅成分(10.53%)又把野果林与华夏植物区系紧密联系在一起;新疆的大部分地区过去曾是特提斯海(Tethys)的一部分,所以现代野果林植被仍保留有古地中海成分的残迹(5.25%);天山是新疆境内植物属种最为丰富的地区,天山成分在各分布区类型中的比值也最高(33.33%),尤其是东天山特有的成分,则代表着野果林的土著部分,这一成分无疑是本地发生的适生种。野果林的区系发生是多方面的,主要有安加拉成分、古北极成分、古地中海成分、华夏区系成分和新疆本土成分。A general study was made on the composition, characteristic and nature of the dominant plants in the wild fruit forest in Tianshan Mountains to discuss the origin and development of the wild fruit forest. The result indicated the floristic elements of the wild fruit forest were complex Owing to the interpenetration of floristic elements and the overlap of distribution, the wild fruit forest had no absolute native feature. Among them, the temperate elements were dominator （ 33.33% ）, and the Siberian-Tianshan Mountains transition elements （ 17.54% ） joint the wild fruit forest to the northern Angara flora, and Himalayas elements （10.53%） also connected the wild fruit forest to Cathaysian flora. The majority area of Xinjiang was ever one part of the Tethys Sea, and some remains of floristic elements （5.25%） from Old Mediterranean could still be found. Tianshan Mountains was one of the richest areas possessed of plants in Xinjiang area and its ratio of constituents （33.33%） was upmost. The characteristic elements of eastern Tianshan Mountains represent the native part of the wild fruit forest and which should be local origin. The origin of the wild fruit forest was various, including the floristic elements from Angara, Old Arctic, Old Mediterranean, Cathaysian and Xinjiang.

关 键 词：天山野果林 地理成分 区系发生 

分 类 号：S717.1[农业科学—林学]