诺贝尔自然科学奖的评选理念及其局限  

The awarding ideas of the Nobel Prize in science and its limitations

作　　者：陈广仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学学报编辑部,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《科学学研究》2006年第5期677-683,共7页Studies in Science of Science

摘　　要：认为诺贝尔自然科学奖虽然是基础科学领域最有声望的奖励机制,但获得诺贝尔奖的科学成果的水平也是层次不齐的。它包含最优秀的科学成就,但也有很一般甚至错误的成果;在它没有包含的成果中,有达到其获奖标准而因为处于“第41席”未能获奖的,也有按其标准不能获奖而其实属于最优秀的科学成就的。因此,诺贝尔奖的评选标准、范围和理念有其局限性。分析了保守性、重事实轻理论、英雄主义、权威决定论等理念在诺贝尔奖评选中的影响。Though the Nobel Prize in science is the supreme prestige award mechanism in the domain of the basic science, the standard of achievements in scientific research, which have won the Nobel Prize, are not same in the levels. It contains the best excellent achievements in scientific research, but it also includes the ordinary and even mistake achievements. Among the achievements which have not won the Nobel Prize, there are many achievements which come up to the standard of award the prize but have not won the prize as of them are being forty-one seat, there are also many achievements which are impossible awarded the prize according to the awarding ideas but belong to the first-rate outstanding achievements. So, the awarding standards, the range and the ideas of the Nobel Prize in science have limitations. The influence of the Nobel Prize awarding ideas, such as conservatism, value of experimental achievement but underestimate of theoretical achievement, scientific heroism, authoritative determinism, are analyzed.

关 键 词：诺贝尔奖 自然科学奖 评奖理念 科学成果评价 

分 类 号：G301[文化科学]