儿童乙型肝炎疫苗免疫和加强免疫后保护性抗体观察  

Study on Protective Effect of the Hepatitis B Vaccine Immunization in the Children of Tongzhou District of Beijing

作　　者：苏彦萍[1] 王宝兰[1] 唐一清[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心,北京101100

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2006年第4期264-267,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：北京市科学技术委员会基金项目(项目编号:H010910230119)

摘　　要：目的评价儿童乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗（HepB）免疫后保护性抗体应答水平及乙肝病毒表面抗体（抗-HBs）阴性儿童加强免疫后抗体的变化。方法采取多阶段整群系统抽样方法抽取调查单位和儿童，用固相放射免疫方法检测接种儿童血清乙肝病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）、抗-HBs和乙肝病毒核心抗体水平，并对抗-HBs阴性儿童进行加强免疫。结果3～12岁儿童抗一HBs平均阳性率为49．3％，几何平均浓度（GMC）为70．22毫国际单位／毫升（mlU／ml）。重组乙肝疫苗（酵母）免疫后3～6岁儿童抗-HBs阳性率为37．6％，随年龄增长而下降，GMC为55．29miU／ml，各年龄组差异有非常显著的统计学意义。6～12岁儿童使用血源HepB，抗-HBs阳性率为51．0％，GMC为68．27mlU／ml，各年龄组差异无显著的统计学意义。抗-HBs阴性儿童加强免疫后抗体阳转率为93．9％，GMC为91．83mlU／ml。结论儿童HepB免疫后12年保护性抗体应答良好，HBsAg阳性率未随免疫时间延长而增加。目前尚不需进行加强免疫。抗-HBs阴性儿童加强免疫后有很好的回忆反应。Objective The project was to evaluate the protective efficacy of Hepatitis B vaccine in the children of Tongzhou District and to observe the antibody changes of children who were booster immunized. Methods The multiple stratified cluster sampling was used in the epidemiological survey.The sampling children＇s blood serum HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc were checked and measured by the Solid Phase Radio immunology assay （SPRIA）.The anti-HBs negative children were booster immunized. Results The average anti-HBs positive rate of children aged 3-12 was 49.3 %.The geometric mean of anti-HBs serological titer （GMT） was 70.22mIU/mL. The average anti-HBs positive rate of 3 -6 years old children who were immunized by recombinant yeast-derived Hepatitis B vaccine was 37.6 % and descended following the age＇s dropping greatly. The geometric mean of anti-HBs serological titer （GMT） was 55.29mIU/mL.There were statistical significances among the age groups. The average anti-HBs positive rate of 6-12 years old children who were immunized by the blood rooting vaccine was 51.0% .The geometric mean of anti-HBs serological titer （GMT） was 68.27mIU/mL. There were no statistical significances among the age groups. The anti-HBs seropositive conversion rate of children booster immunized was 93.9%, the geometric mean of anti-HBs serological titer （GMT） was 91.83mIU/mL. Conclusion The protective immune respond was satisfactory after the Hepatitis B vaccine vaccination for 12 years in Tongzhou District. The booster immunization was not necessary because the HBsAg positive rate did not ascend obviously as the immunization time prolonging.The anti-HBs negative children booster immunized had good memory reaction.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎疫苗 免疫 保护性抗体 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.62[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]