上海市不同人群弓形虫感染现状调查  

A survey on Toxoplasma gondii infection of human in Shanghai

作　　者：马杏宝[1] 蔡黎[1] 张宝秀[1] 傅英华[1] 陈炯[1] 曹琳[1] 江西均[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2006年第10期483-486,共4页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解上海市不同人群弓形虫感染现状及其影响因素。[方法]对健康人群、社区居民、肉品及动物密切接触者和恶性肿瘤患者4169人用ELISA方法检测弓形虫IgG抗体，同时进行问卷调查。[结果]4组人群弓形虫感染率依次为3．30％、3．88％、5．40％和7．43％，组间差异有显著性（χ^2=13．48，P〈0．01）。不同性别、年龄、职业之间感染率差异无显著性（χ^2=2．37～17．77，P〉0．05），但感染率有随文化程度增高而下降的趋势（χ^2=15．64，P〈0．001）。家庭养猫同时养犬的居民弓形虫感染率（8．63％）显著高于不养宠物的家庭（3．74％）（χ^2=11．44，P〈0．001）。个人卫生习惯和行为良好者与不良者之间弓形虫感染率差异有显著性（χ^2=4．23～12．71，P〈0．05～0．001）。[结论]上海市不同人群组弓形虫的感染率均接近本市以往调查的平均水平，感染与家庭饲养宠物及不良卫生习惯有关。[ Objective ] To determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii and its risk factors for the human infection in Shanghai. [ Methods] A survey of 4169 people was conducted in Shanghai between year 2003 -2004. Serum samples were tested for IgG antibodies to T. gondii by ELISA. Questionnaires addressing epidemiological aspects of the infection were given to each person. [ Results] The positive rate of IgG antibodies to T. gondii was 3.30% （ 79/2393 ） in healthy group, 3.88% （ 28/722 ） in 3 district residents, 5.40% （ 46/852 ） in the contacts of meat articles or animals, and 7.43% （ 15/202 ） among malignant tumor sufferers respectively. The difference of positive rates was significant among the four groups （χ^2= 13.48, P 〈0. 01 ）. Their difference was not significant in the positive rates between male and female, among different age groups or occupations （χ^2 = 2. 37 - 17.77,P 〉0. 05）. But the infection rate decreased with the increase in educational level （χ^2= 15.64,P 〈0. 001 ）. Difference was significant between the positive rates with （ 8.63% ） and without （ 3.74% ） raising of cats and dogs at home （χ^2 = 11.44, P〈0.001）, and between good and poor personal hygiene （χ^2=4.23-12.71,P〈0.05-0.001）. [Conclusion] The seroprevalence of T. gondii in different groups are all close to the average level investigated in the past in Shanghai. Human infection of T. gondii is related to raising of the pot at home and unhygienic habits or behaviors in Shanghai.

关 键 词：弓形虫 感染率 感染因素 

分 类 号：R531.8[医药卫生—内科学]