铈对紫铜组织和力学性能的影响  

Effects of Ce on Structures and Mechanical Properties of Pure Copper

作　　者：张振峰[1] 林高用[1] 张胜华[1] 包玉平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学材料科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《稀土》2006年第5期24-28,79,共6页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：云南省省院省校科技合作项目(2003UABAB05A050)

摘　　要：加入适量的稀土元素可有效改善铜及铜合金组织与性能。紫铜中添加稀土后,进行熔炼、轧制和热处理试验,再通过室温拉伸、硬度试验、金相及扫描电镜观察,研究了微量铈对紫铜组织与力学性能的影响。利用等离子体发射光谱仪测定锭坯中铈的含量,并对稀土的收得率和熔炼渣成分进行了分析。力学性能测试和显微组织观察结果表明,铸态晶粒随着铈加入量的增加先减小后增大,且再结晶温度随着铈加入量的增加而提高;紫铜的强度、硬度和晶粒大小随着稀土含量的增加分别先升高后下降,当铈含量达0.04%时,紫铜试样获得最好的综合力学性能,即退火态试样的抗拉强度达到251M Pa,屈服强度为116M Pa,延伸率达到37.22%。Adding proper amount of RE elements is an effective method to improve the structures and properties of copper and copper alloys. The copper with different additions of Ce was designed, and a series of samples were fabricated after melting, casting, rolling and heat treatments. The effects of Ce on the structures and mechanical properties of copper have been investigated by means of tensile test, hardness test, OM, SEM and EDS at room temperature. Also, the amount of Ce is measured by ICP-AES, and the absorptivity of Ce was analyzed. The results showed that the size of casting grain decreased at first and then increased, and the temperature of recrystallization increased continuously with increasing the additions of Ce. The strength and hardness of copper increased at first and then decreased with rising Ce content at annealing state. When the amount of Ce reaches 0.04%, copper obtains the best comprehensive properties,the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of specimen gain 251MPa, 116MPa and 37.22 % respectively.

关 键 词：铈 紫铜 力学性能 微观组织 收得率 

分 类 号：TG113[金属学及工艺—物理冶金] TG146.11[金属学及工艺—金属学]