世界经济一体化下经济地域类型及其变化的初步研究——基于GNP与GDP关系的考察  

Initiative Investigate Types of Economical District and It′s Change Under World′s Economic Integration——Investigation on the Basis of the Relation Between GNP and GDP

作　　者：吴殿廷[1] 石正方[2] 戴君[1] 范忠桥[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875 [2]厦门大学台湾研究所,厦门3610059 [3]大庆师范学院,大庆163712

出　　处：《世界地理研究》2006年第3期1-9,共9页World Regional Studies

基　　金：西部重大科学计划(90102013);国家自然科学基金项目(49971001)成果

摘　　要：世界经济一体化使资本、劳动力的流动更为便捷,因而导致GNP与GDP之间关系发生根本性的变化,繁荣未必富裕,富裕不一定繁荣。本文从GNP与GDP之间的关系考察入手,详细讨论了WTO原则下可能出现的经济地域类型,概括总结出发展中国家/地区实现经济起飞的三种模式和在起飞过程中GNP与GDP关系的变化类型。所得结论是在一定的条件下:(1)资本流向资金回报率高的地区;劳动力流向工资高的地区。(2)如果各国GDP增长率、人均GNP等信息是完备对称的,反馈及时的,无偿提供的,并且其变化趋势是能够把握和及时公布的,则资本、劳动力的流动瞬间可以完成;如果同时不考虑流动的成本,则世界将在短时间内走向大同。(3)随着世界经济一体化进程的加强,各国、各地区GNP的获取可以在很大程度上与GDP的生产不一致,导致富裕未必繁荣、繁荣未必富裕的现象。因而马太效应将更加明显,WTO是富国的游戏。(4)从动态变化上看,一个发展中的国家或地区,在经济起飞前后,GNP与GDP之间的对比关系是不一样的。各种模式中的GNP与GDP之差都可能有一个先扩大后缩小的趋势,表现出倒“U”字型、甚至多个倒“U”字型的组合。This paper discusses the types of economical district investigating the relation between GNP and GDP. We summarize three types of developing country/area realizing economic taking off and the change of the relation between GNP and GDP in the process of taking off. The conclusions are： 1） If not given the political, cultural difference and special limitation,capital will flow into the area where the capital＇s return rate is high, as well is the area where the economical developing speed is fast; labor will flow into the area where the wage is high, as well is the area where per GNP is high. 2） If the information is symmetric, feedbacking timely, cost-free offered, and its tendency of change can be held, capital labor can flow instantly. If not given the flowing cost, the world will become the same in a short time. 3） Although there aren＇t economical barrier and special limit under the principle of WTO, every country＇s political, cultural difference will not disappear, capital＇s ability of management and operation awareness and ability differ greatly, so every country or every area＇s getting GNP isn＇t in accordance with the production of GDP. Matthew Effect should be mare the rich country will become apparent that the poor country much richer. So WTO is the will become much Consequently poorer and rich country＇s game. 4） From perspective of dynamic change,a developing country or area＇s contrastive relation between GNP and GDP is not alike. These mode＇s result of GNP minus GDP will have a trend of enlarging first, then diminisshing. It present the shape of converse＂u＇, or even the combination＇s shape of many converse ＂u＂.

关 键 词：世界经济一体化 经济地域类型 GNP GDP 

分 类 号：F222[经济管理—国民经济]