垂体冠状断层的巨微解剖学  

Macro-microanatomy on coronal sections of pituitary gland

作　　者：武志兵[1] 崔慧先[2] 李富德[1] 刘学敏[1] 李建斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]长治医学院解剖学教研室,长治046000 [2]河北医科大学解剖学教研室,石家庄050017

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2006年第5期634-636,639,共4页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

基　　金：山西高校科技研究开发项目(20041326)

摘　　要：目的:为垂体的影像诊断和垂体疾病的外科治疗提供解剖学资料。方法:火棉胶包埋后作脑垂体冠状薄层切片并进行观察和测量。结果:(1)垂体大多呈椭圆形。正常垂体的高度为(4．5±2．0)mm,宽度为(13．9±3．8)mm。垂体的上缘以凹陷型居多,平坦型次之。两侧海绵窦的大小、形态变化较大。鞍底以凹陷型和隆起型为多。(2)断面情况:垂体常出现在交叉前沟后一个层面,消失于鞍背层面,上以鞍膈与鞍上池和视交叉相邻,下邻蝶窦,两侧为海绵窦。在垂体前叶层面可见垂体柄长(8．8±1．7)mm,在视交叉处其横径为(3．1±0．6)mm,插入垂体处的横径为(2．0±0．2)mm。结论:垂体巨微断面可清晰显示垂体周围的重要结构,为影像检查和垂体手术入路提供解剖学资料。Objective： To provide the anatomic data for imaging diagnosis and surgical therapy of pituitary gland. Methods： The pituitary gland was sectioned on coronal plane using collodin embedding process. Results： （1） The pituitary gland was usually ovary in shape. The height and the width of the pituitary gland were （4.5±2.0） mm and （13.9±3.8） mm, respectively. The shape of superior surface of the pituitary gland was concave dominantly, followed by the flat ones. The shape and size of cavernous sinus were usually variable. Concave and convex sellar floor were more frequently seen. （2） The pituitary gland appeared in the next section of sulcus prechiasmaticus and it disappeared in the section of dorsum sellae. There were diaphragma sellae turcica and the optic chiasma above the pituitary gland. It was near to sphenoid sinus inferiorly and close to cavernous sinus laterally. The pituitary stalk was observed clearly by the coronary section through the anterior lobe of pituitary, with a length of （8.8±1.7） mm. The transverse diameter at the optic chiasm was （3.1±0. 6） mm, at the pituitary insertion was （2.0 ±0. 2）mm Conclusion： The important structures of pituitary are clearly observed by this coronal macro-microsection of pituitary gland, providing anatomical data for pituitary operation and imaging examine.

关 键 词：垂体 断层解剖 火棉胶 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]