标准雷电波形的频谱分析及其应用  

Frequency Spectrum of Standard Lightning Currents and Its Application

作　　者：陈绍东[1] 王孝波[1] 李斌[1] 杨少杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省防雷中心,广州510080

出　　处：《气象》2006年第10期11-19,共9页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：科技部基础条件平台项目(2004DEA71070)资助

摘　　要：标准雷电波频谱分析可以获悉其电压、电流在不同频段的振幅、能量等分布,为防雷器件和电子设备的标准波形冲击试验以及基层雷电防护工作提供技术参考。选取常用的8/20(μs)、10/350(μs)波形、后续雷击0.25/100(μs)波形和国家标准推荐雷电试验波形(10/200、4/300、1.2/50、10/700(μs)),通过连续傅立叶变换计算了不同波形的振幅、能量的频谱变化,并与自然闪电辐射场的频谱进行了比较。结果表明雷电电流波形的振幅和能量主要集中在低频部分,振幅频谱主要集中在1MHz以下,能量主要集中在几kHz到几百kHz;半峰值时间t2是雷电波振幅和能量频谱分布的主要因素,t2的大小决定了低频部分的谐波丰富程度。这些结论在雷电防护设计和应用中起到一定的参考作用。The amplitude and energy distributions of the voltage and current in the different frequency bands can be obtained by analyzing the frequency spectrum of standard lightning currents. The general lightning currents of 8/20 （μs） and 10/350 （μs）, return stroke of 0.25/100 （μs） and the testing currents recommended by national standardization （10/200 （μs）, 4/300 （μs）, 1.2/50 （μs）, 10/700 （μs）） are selected to compute the frequency spectrum of amplitude and energy by the use of the continuous Fourier analysis, and they are compared with those of natural lightning radiation field. The results show that the amplitude and energy of lightning currents mainly appear in the range of low frequency, and am- plitude frequency is less than 1MHz, but the frequency spectrum of the energy is from several kHz to several hundreds kHz. The half peak value time （t2） of currents is a crucial factor in the frequency spectrum distribution of amplitude and energy, which determines the abun- dance of currents＇ wave in the parts of low frequency. The results should be an important reference in the application and design of lightning protection.

关 键 词：标准雷电波 频谱 振幅 能量 

分 类 号：TN965.5[电子电信—信号与信息处理]