高岭石在酸中的化学行为实验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL BEHAVIOR OF KAOLIN IN ACID

作　　者：唐洪明[1] 孟英峰[1] 黎颖英 袁续祖[3] 赵峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]"油气藏地质及开发工程"国家重点实验室.西南石油大学 [2]中国石油天然气勘探开发公司 [3]中国石油西南油气田公司蜀南气矿

出　　处：《天然气工业》2006年第10期111-113,共3页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：中国海洋石油总公司"十五"重点攻关项目"提高原油采收率";"油气藏地质及开发工程"国家重点实验室.西南石油大学开放基金项目(PLN0114)资助

摘　　要：利用X-射线衍射分析仪、XL-30能谱电镜等岩矿测试手段，系统评价了高岭石在5％HCl、5％HCl＋0．5％HF、5％HCl＋1．0％HF、0．5％HF、1．0％HF、8％HBR、5％HCl＋7％HBF。等7种酸体系在60℃条件下的化学行为，重点分析了残酸液中硅、铝元素离子浓度、酸蚀量、晶体结构稳定性等参数随时间、酸浓度、酸类型变化规律。研究指出：单一氟硼酸、氟硼酸／盐酸体系与高岭石反应显示强酸的特性，但是比土酸滞后0．5～1h；酸对高岭石晶体中硅、铝元素的溶蚀程度不同，对铝氧八面体的破坏程度强于硅氧四面体；高岭石与各种酸体系分别反应0．5、1、2h后，高岭石在盐酸、HF、土酸中比较稳定，衍射峰没有明显的变化，但土酸体系中的高岭石峰强度有微弱的降低；氟硼酸体系反应后的残余高岭石衍射峰强度明显变弱，尤其是反应12h，这是由于结晶度下降，晶体结构局部遭受破坏所致。在该次研究的条件下，高岭石没有明显的峰消失和新峰出现。By means of rock testing such as X-ray diffraction analyzer and XL-30 energy spectrum electron microscope, chemical behavior of kaolin in 7 different types of acid, i.e., 5%HCl, 5%HCl+0.5%HF, 5%HCl+1.0%HF, 0.5%HF, 1.0 %HF, 8%HBF_4, and 5%HCl+7%HBF_4, was analyzed systematically, with the focus on rule of silicon and aluminum ion concentration in spent acid solution, severity of acid attack and crystal structure stability changing with time, acid concentration, and acid type. The study indicates that pure HBF_4/kaolin and HCL+HBF_4/kaolin reaction show the characteristics of strong acid but 0.5-1h delay compared to reaction with mud acid. The acid had a different dissolution extent of silicon and aluminum element in kaolin crystal, the damage to alumina octahedron being severer than that to silica oxygen tetrahedron. After 0.5h, 1h and 2h reaction in different acids, kaolin remains stable in HCL, HF and mud acid without obvious change of diffraction peak except slight drop of kaolin peak intensity in mud acid. On the contrast, residual kaolin diffraction peak intensity in HBF_4 showed apparent weakening, particularly after 12h reaction, due to decrease of crystallinity and partial damage of crystal structure. Under the condition of this research, kaolin showed neither visible peak disappearance nor new peak occurrence.

关 键 词：高岭石 酸 衍射分析 能谱分析 化学元素 浓度 

分 类 号：TE21[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]