椎动脉复合体的显微神经外科解剖学研究  

Microneurosurgical anatomical study on the vertebral artery complex

作　　者：陈镭[1] 张赛[1] 孙洪涛[1] 王育琪[1] 马景鉴[1] 

机构地区：[1]武警医学院附属医院脑系科中心,天津300162

出　　处：《武警医学院学报》2006年第6期540-542,545,F0003,共5页Acta Academiae Medicinae CPAPF

摘　　要：[目的]为行经枕下区域的神经外科手术入路提供较详细的显微解剖标志和解剖学参数,以指导临床和手术操作。[方法]在手术显微镜下对国人成年尸头15例(30侧)的头颈区域进行解剖,标本经福尔马林固定。[结果]枕下区域的椎动脉及其分支,动脉周围的植物神经丛及毗邻的脊神经等结构均位于静脉间的腔隙中,构成椎动脉复合体。乳突、寰椎横突和枕髁是重要的解剖学标志,上、下枕下三角是暴露椎动脉入颅前的一个重要解剖学标志。[结论]通过观察与测量所获取的重要解剖学参数,明确此区域的显微解剖,以保证手术操作顺利,减少不必要的损伤,避免出现严重并发症。[Objective] To supply some basic microsurgical anatomy for microsurgical approach in the suboccipital region and for the clinic as well as operation guidance. [Methods] The craniocervical region of fifteen heads （30 sides） of adult cadaver were dissected under the aid of an operating microscope. All specimens had been embalmed in a formalin solution previously. [Results] The suboccipital region contained the complex of the VA, its periarterial autonomic neural plexus, its branches, and the adjacent spinal nerves, all of which were cushioned in a venous compartment. Mastoid process, transverse process of the atlas, and occipital condyle were important anatomic signs for microsurgical approach and superior and inferior suboccipital triangle were inportant marks for neurosurgeon to distinguish vertebral artery. [Conclusion] Important anatomic parameters are obtained. These parameters are important for surgical approach for ensuring the process of operation and avoid some severe complications.

关 键 词：显微外科解剖 枕下区域 椎动脉复合体 

分 类 号：R543.5[医药卫生—心血管疾病]