不同大葱品种耐寒性鉴定与越冬栽培效果  

Cold tolerance and wintering cultivation effect of different Welsh onion varieties.

作　　者：苏华[1] 徐坤[1] 刘伟[1] 徐立功[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2006年第10期1889-1893,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家"948"资助项目(2003-T14).

摘　　要：以章丘大葱为对照,测定了日本引进的春味、长宝2个大葱品种丙二醛含量、保护酶活性、叶绿素含量、光合速率及根系活力等抗性生理指标,并运算其隶属函数,鉴定了不同大葱品种的耐寒性及小拱棚越冬栽培效果.结果表明,大葱越冬栽培过程受低温环境的胁迫,使大葱叶片的丙二醛含量及电解质渗透率在1月15日达到最高值,叶绿素含量和光合速率则降至最低,此时春味、长宝及章丘大葱各生理指标的隶属函数值分别为0.452、0.364、0.226,表明春味大葱耐寒性较强,长宝大葱次之,章丘大葱耐寒性较差.收获时,春味、长宝和章丘大葱的抽薹率分别达0、35.2%和81.0%,因此,尽管长宝大葱的生物产量分别比春味及章丘大葱高25.67%和52.94%,但经济产量则以春味大葱最高,达5.49kg.m-2,比长宝大葱增产18.57%,章丘大葱经济产量最低,仅为0.86kg.m-2,表明春味大葱适宜小拱棚越冬栽培,而章丘大葱冬性较差,不适宜越冬栽培.With Welsh onion Zhangqiu as the contrast, this paper measured the physiological indices including electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde content, protective enzyme activity, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and root vitality of two introduced Welsh onion varieties Chunwei and Changbao, and identified their cold tolerance and wintering cultivation effect. The results showed that during wintering cultivation, all test Welsh onion varieties suffered low temperature stress, which led the electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content arrived at the max- imum, while the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate dropped to the bottom at 15 January. At this time, the fimction data of physiological indices were 0. 452, 0. 364, and 0. 226 for Chunwei, Changbao and Zhangqiu, respectively, suggesting that Chunwei had stronger cold tolerance, followed by Changbao, and Zhangqiu. The bolting rate of Chunwei, Changbao and Zhangqiu when harvested was 0, 35.2% and 81.0% , respectively. Although the biological yield of Changbao was 25.67% and 52.94% higher than that of Chunwei and Zhangqiu, respectively, the economic yield of Chunwei was the highest （5.49 kg·m^2 ） , with an increment of 18.57% than Chang- bao, and that of Zhangqiu was only 0. 86 kg·m ^-2. It could be concluded that Chunwei was fit to cultivate in low tunnel in winter, while Zhangqiu was weaker in cold tolerance and not fit to wintering cultivation.

关 键 词：大葱 耐寒性 越冬栽培 产量 抽薹 

分 类 号：S633.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]