不同栽培因子对河南玉米产量的影响程度  

Effect Extent of Cultivated Factors on Maize Yield in Fluvo-aquic Soil in Henan Province

作　　者：黄绍敏[1] 杨先明[2] 皇甫湘荣[1] 宝德俊[1] 介晓磊[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学资环学院,郑州450002 [3]河南农业大学农学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《玉米科学》2006年第3期116-119,共4页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：农业部重点科研计划"高新技术与基础研究"项目(95农-高科-17-03-02);基础研究重大项目"973"前期研究专项(2001CCB00800);粮食丰产科技工程专题(2004BA520A06-8)

摘　　要：利用长期肥料定位试验(不考虑交互作用),尽量保证其他条件一致的情况下用差减法分别计算了14年来气候、施肥、土壤肥力对玉米产量的影响程度。结果表明,在这3种主要影响因素中,气候因素对玉米产量的影响程度最大,并且随施肥量而不同,9个处理平均为87%,其中对N、PK处理影响最大。施用有机肥和秸秆还田可减轻不良气候对玉米产量的影响;施肥对玉米产量的影响程度次之,随年份不同变化较大;土壤肥力对玉米的影响程度在3种影响因子中最小,随施肥时间的增加没有明显变化,14年的平均值为60%。Effects of climate, fertilization, soil fertility on maize yield were researched In long-term fertilizauon experiment in fluvo-aquic soil during 1990 - 2004. The results indicated that among the main factors, climates influenced the largest extent on maize yield in difference fertilization treatments, varied from 85% to 115% with the mean was 87%, in which N fertilizer was affected by the climate to the largest extent, and MNPK, SPK treatments to the least extent, manure and straw could reduce the effect extent 11% - 14%; Fertilization influenced the maize yield 52% - 81%, ranged the second, the effect extent changed with years irregularly; Soil fertility affected the maize yield in the range of 49% - 69%, averaged 60% in 14 years, had unobvious change with fertilization time; The order of effect extent was： climate〉fertilization〉soil fertility.

关 键 词：玉米产量 气候因素 影响程度 定位施肥 

分 类 号：S513.04[农业科学—作物学]