电解法处理含铬电镀废水存在问题的研究  

STUDY ON PROBLEMS EXISTING IN ELECTROLYTIC TREATMENT OF Cr-CONTAINING PLATING WASTEWATER

作　　者：黄力群[1] 石国乐 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学

出　　处：《电镀与环保》1990年第6期14-16,共3页Electroplating & Pollution Control

摘　　要：电解法处理含络废水,上马快,占地少,操作简单,适应性强,因此在多许中小型电镀厂中得到了广泛的应用。但是极板的锈蚀、钝化及损耗问题比较严重,造成耗电多和处理效果不稳定。研究中发现<1>直接用电解处理合格的废水浸泡极板可防止板板生锈。(2)锈蚀是加快极板钝化的重要因素,钝化速度还受电流密度,pH_2Cr^(6+)浓度以及絮凝体吸附的影响。防止极板生锈,采用较小的电流密度,适当地缩短极性变换周期以及加强日常维护等能使纯化大为减轻。(3)阴极腐蚀是板板无益损耗的原因之一,阴极属蚀的速度与电流密度关系很大,小电流密度对防止阴极腐蚀有利。实践证明,电解法存在的耗电高,耗铁板多和处理效果不稳定等缺点通过本文所介绍的措施是可以克服的。Using electrolytic process to treat Cr-containg wastewater has many advantages, however, the rust corrosion and passivation of the iron electrode and its consumption are serious, resulting in an increase in electricity consumption and an instability in treating result. Through a series of tests, it was found: (1)The rust corrosion of electrode can be avoided by being immersed in the wastewater, which has been treated with electrolysis to meet the discharge requirement; (2) Rust corrosion is an important factor in accelerating electrode passivation, besides, current density, pH, Cr^(6+) content and the adsorption of floccules also have influence on the rate of passivation. To protect the electrode from getting rusty, using lower current density in electrolysis, shortening the polarity reverse period and strengthening the daily maintaince can make passivation greatly reduced; (3)The corrosion of cathode is a kind of idle consumption of electrode plate. The corrosion speed is closely related to current density, generally, lower current density is helpful to avoiding the cathode corrosion. Practice shows that all the defects existing in electrolytic process such as the high consumption of electricity and electrode plate as well as the instability of treatment can be overcome by adopting the measures given in this paper.

关 键 词：电解法 电镀废水 含铬 废水处理 

分 类 号：X781[环境科学与工程—环境工程]