孕期被动吸烟对脐血铅、镉水平的影响  

Influence of passive smoking during pregnancy on the levels of lead and cadmium in cord blood

作　　者：徐宣枝[1] 周昌菊[2] 余丹[3] 甘桂莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省肿瘤医院,湖南长沙410006 [2]中南大学湘雅三医院产科 [3]广东省深圳市宝安区松岗人民医院妇产科住院部

出　　处：《中国医师杂志》2006年第10期1333-1335,共3页Journal of Chinese Physician

基　　金：湖南省卫生厅科研基金资助课题(B2003-131)

摘　　要：目的 探讨孕期被动吸烟对脐血铅、镉的影响。方法 采用无火焰原子吸收法测定68例无被动吸烟对照组、134例被动吸烟研究组（分为重型组、轻型组）的母血、脐血铅、镉水平，并测定2组孕妇的新生儿的体重、Apgar评分对数据进行分析比较。结果 对照组，研究组（重型组、轻型组）的脐血铅水平分别为（21．88±1．48）μg/L，（33．88±1.55）μg[（38．02±1．58）μg/L，（30．20±1．45）μg/L]，脐血膈水平为（0．26±0.26）μg／L，（0.49±0.39）μg/L[（0.50±0．47）μg/L，（0.48±0．38）μg/L]。研究组与对照组比较及重、轻型组分别与对照组比较，母血、脐血铅、镉水平的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；脐血铅是母血铅的80％～90％；脐血镉明显低于母血镉（P〈0．05）。研究组新生儿Apgar评分低于对照组（P〈0.05），2组新生儿体重差异无统计学意义。结论 孕期被动吸烟可以使脐血铅、镉水平明显升高。Objective To explore the effect of passive smoking during pregnancy on the levels of lead and cadmium in cord blood Method Totally 202 pregnant women and their newborns were studied with 68 cases in control group and 134 cases of passive smoking in research group. The pregnant women and their newborns with passive smoking in the research group were divided into heavy group and light group. The blood levels of lead and cadmium in mothers and newborns were measured. The newborns＇weights were measured and the newbo- rns were evaluated by Apgar scores. Results The lead levels of cord blood were （21.88±1.48）, （ 38. 02±1.58 ）, and （ 30. 20±1.45 ）μg/L in the control group, heavy group, and light group respectively. The cadmium levels of cord blood were （0.26±0. 26 ） , （0. 50±0.47 ）, and （0.48±0. 38）μg/L in the control group, heavy group, and light group respectively. Compared with the control group, the levels of lead and cadmium in cord blood and maternal blood were significantly higher in both research groups （ P 〈 0. 05 ） The lead level in cord blood was 80% - 90% of that in maternal blood. The cadmium level in cord blood was significantly lower than that of maternal blood （ P 〈 0. 05）. The Apgar scores of the newborns in research group were significantly lower than those of control group. However, there was no significant difference of the newborns＇weights between the research group and the control group. Conclusion Passive smoking during pregnancy can significantly increase the levels of lead and cadmium in cord blood.

关 键 词：烟草烟污染 妊娠 胎儿 铅/血液 铅中毒 镉/血液 出生体重 阿普加评分 

分 类 号：R715[医药卫生—妇产科学]