不同施肥条件下冷、暖型小麦冠层温度的差异  

Differences of canopy temperature between cold type wheat and warm type wheat under different fertilization conditions

作　　者：周春菊[1] 张嵩午[1] 王林权[2] 冯佰利[3] 王长发[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第10期45-48,54,共5页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30470333);2005年西北农林科技大学博士科研启动基金

摘　　要：以冷型小麦品种小偃6号、陕229、RB 6和暖型小麦品种NR 9405、9430为供试材料,通过田间小区试验,研究了4种施肥条件(不施肥、单施磷肥、单施氮肥和氮磷配施)下冷、暖型小麦灌浆结实期冠层温度的差异。结果表明,在不施肥、单施磷肥、单施氮肥和氮磷配施条件下,冷型小麦灌浆结实期的冠层温度平均较暖型小麦分别低1.1,1.0,0.9和0.4℃,冷者恒冷、暖者恒暖,冷、暖型小麦冠层温度的差异不因施肥条件的改变而发生根本性的变化;施肥可改变小麦基因型的冠层温度,养分胁迫越严重,冠层温度越高。冷、暖型小麦冠层温度的变化特性为优良小麦品种的选育和进行优质化栽培提供了有利条件。Field plot experiments were conducted from 2002 to 2004 to study the differences of the canopy temperature between Cold Type Wheat （CTW） and Warm Type Wheat （WTW） under different fertilization conditions. The genotypes （XY6,S229 and RB6） with lower canopy temperature were named cold type wheat （CTW） and those （NR9405 and 9430） with higher canopy temperature were named warm type wheat （WTW）. Each genotype received four fertilizer treatments ： CK （no fertilizer）, P fertilization （176.25 kg/hm^2 P2O5）,N fertilization （237. 0 kg/hm^2 N）,and NP fertilization （176. 25 kg/hm^2 P2O5＋ 237.0 kg/hm^2 N）. The results showed that the temperature type of varieties could not be reversed with the change of fertilization environment. At the grain filling stage,the canopy temperatures of CTW were 0.4- 1. 1℃ ,lower than those of WTW in the different fertilizer treatments. Fertilization could change canopy temperature of wheat genotypes. Nutrient stressed plants displayed higher canopy temperature than those with good nutrient. Thus,the canopy temperature may be considered as a new,rapid,non-destructive and efficient method to breed good varieties and monitor plants optimal cultivation.

关 键 词：冷型小麦 暖型小麦 冠层温度 施肥条件 

分 类 号：S512.101[农业科学—作物学]