兴安落叶松播种苗施肥效应和障碍  

FERTILIZATION EFFECTS AND IMPEDIMENT ONDAHURIAN LARCH SEEDLINGS

作　　者：宋景和[1,2,1] 赵博生[1,2,1] 桑运荣[1,2,1] 秦岩 赵艳[2] 宋启平[2] 刘树臣[2] 张立放 张树涛 焦万双[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学 [2]内蒙古阿里河林业局

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》1996年第6期35-40,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

摘　　要：在塔河林业局中心苗圃对兴安落叶松Ｌａｒｉｘｇｍｅｌｉｎｉ（ＲｕＰｒ．）播种苗进行了施肥效应和施肥障碍研究。结果表明：以有机肥料中添加适量的无机肥料为基础，并在苗木不同物候期中追施适当比例尿素和二胺对促进苗木高生长和地径生长效果最佳，而单独施基肥，最有利于促进苗木侧根的生长；以施有基肥和追施高水平的二胺对苗木茎、根及个体总干物质积累效应显著；综合试验结果，影响苗木生长效应的施肥主导因子顺序为二胺、基肥、尿素；苗木的各形态指标的施肥最佳选择为Ａ３（４）、Ｂ４（３）、Ｃ２；施肥的最佳配比和用量是：基肥为腐熟草炭３万ｋｇ／ｈｍ２＋土肥７万ｋｇ／ｈｍ２＋过磷酸钙１５００ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，追肥为二胺５００ｋｇ／ｈｍ２＋尿素２２０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２；沟施尿素对苗木危害上限为３０～４５ｇ／ｍ２，浇施尿素２５ｇ／ｍ２是施肥障碍的上限值，用上述两种施肥方式，追肥二胺，施肥量在７．The experiment of fertilization effects and impediment on Dahurian larch (Larix gmelini ) seedlings was conducted in the Central Nursery of Tahe Forestry Bureau The results showed that the treatment of using organic manure appended with suitable amount of fertilizer as basal fertilizer and appropriate proportion of urea and (NH 4) 2HPO 4as top dressing in various phenological periods had the best effects on promoting the height and diameter growth of the seedlings; and that of only applying the basal fertilizer favored the growth of lateral roots Applying the basal fertilizer with top dressing of high level of (NH 4) 2 HPO 4 was of significance to the production accumulation of the stems, roots and the individuals The order of the fertilizers affecting production accumulation of stems, roots and the individuals The order of the fertilizers affecting the seedling growth (from great to little) was: (NH 4) 2HPO 4, basal fertilizer, and urea The fertilization scenario for the optimum indices of seedling morphology was A 3(4) , B 4(3) , C 2 The optimum proportion and application rate were fully decomposed ash (30 000 kg/hm 2), manure (70 000 kg/hm 2), and calcum superphosphate 1 500 kg/hm 2 as basal fertilizer, and (NH 4) 2HPO 4(500 kg/hm 2) and urea (220 kg/hm 2) as top dressing Compared the two application methods, the maximum of urea for the seedlings reached 30～45 g/m 2 in furrow dressing but 25 g/m 2 in watering dressing However, using 7 5～45 g/m 2 of (NH 4) 2HPO 4as top dressing would have no harmful effects on the seedlings

关 键 词：兴安落叶松 播种苗 施肥 盐基代换量 

分 类 号：S723.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S791.222[农业科学—林学]