水杉纸浆材材性变异与利用  

VARIATION IN WOOD PROPERTIES OF METASEQUIOA GLYPTOSTROBIDES ANDITS UTILIZATION FOR PULPWOOD

作　　者：徐有明[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》1996年第6期50-56,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金

摘　　要：报道了水杉木材管胞长度、长宽比、基本密度和化学组分纤维素、木素、多缩戊糖及苯醇抽出物含量的变异模式，结合材积生长量给出了水杉不同树龄木材管胞形态特征、基本密度和化学组分含量的具体数值，确定了水杉木材幼龄期范围，讨论了水杉作为造纸材主伐林龄的确定和利用上存在的问题。１２ａ树龄以上的水杉，其管胞长度范围为３．９９９～４．４２２ｍｍ、管胞长宽比８５．７～８９．１、壁腔比０．３６３～０．３５４、腔径比０．７３１～０．７３９、纤维素含量高达４７．１０％、多缩戊糖含量９．０６％～９．９０％。水杉木材是优良纸浆原料。尽管水杉木材密度低，但其生长量大可弥补其纸浆产量低的损失。由于水杉材质轻软、壁腔比小、腔径比大，纤维离析时高含量木素很易除去等特点，采用传统的工艺制化学浆得率低，建议水杉木材制化学浆采用缓和的制浆工艺。Variant patterns in tracheid length, tracheid length-width ratio, basic density and chemial compositions content (cellulose, lignin, pentosan and benzen-alchol extactives) of Metasequioa glyptostrobides were studied Combined with trees volume increments, the specific values of wood properties above in various trees ages were given on the bases of wood properties variation The juvenile period of its wood is about 13-18 years The harvesting ages of metasequioa plantation for pulpwood and some problems about pulping and papermaking of its wood are discussed also After metasequioa trees age is beyond 12 years old the variant ranges of its wood properties are as follows: tracheid length is 3 999 4 422 mm, tracheid length-width ratio from 85 7 to 89 1, tracheid dual wall thichness-diameter ratio from 0 354 to 0 363, tracheid diameter-width ratio from 0 731 to 0 739, celluoose content from 45 29% to 47 10% and pentosan content from9 06% to 9 90% Metasequioa wood is good for pulping and papermaking Althoush its basic density (0 310-0 338 g/cm 3) is ralatively lower, the great volume increment would be sufficiently to compensate losses from low wood density in pulping and papermaking Being soft, small dual wall thickness-diameter ratio and great tracheid diameter-width ratio the high lignin content (30 53% to 30 89%) of its wood in fiber dissociating processes is easily to be removed Using traditional technology its chemical pulping yield is ralatively lower It is suggested that modifying pulping technology should be harnessed to increase pulping yield and that studies on culturing metasequioa plantation for pulpwood should be strengthed

关 键 词：水杉 纸浆材 材性变异 采伐林龄 

分 类 号：S781.4[农业科学—木材科学与技术]