上海市树附生苔藓植物生态位  

Niche of epiphytic bryophytes on trees in Shanghai City

作　　者：徐晟翀[1] 曹同[1] 于晶[1] 陈怡[1] 宋国元[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院,上海200234

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2006年第11期1338-1343,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(90202019和30370111);上海市教委重点资助项目(02D247)。

摘　　要：生态位理论在植被生态研究中有着重要的应用价值,引入生态位理论对树附生苔藓植物进行了研究。在上海市市区和郊区主要公园、部分街道及校园,包括崇明岛等地区,共设立18个样点,调查发现43种树附生苔藓植物,其中藓类植物39种,苔类植物4种。根据盖度值计算了43种树附生苔藓植物的生态位宽度。结果表明,树附生苔藓植物种数(N)与生态位宽度(B)符合公式N=0.3423e-0.0369B,r=0.9347,大部分的树附生植物生态位宽度很窄,67.44%种类的生态位宽度小于0.1。本文计算了43种树附生苔藓植物的生态位重叠值,应用主分量分析法和最小生成树法对它们进行分类。将43种树附生苔藓植物分成3个生态类群,它们与生境关系显著。因此,在苔藓植物保护中应特别注意对树附生苔藓植物及其生境的保护。Niche theory is valuable in plant ecology, but not introduced in the research of epiphytic bryophytes on trees. In this paper, 18 sampling sites at the main parks, streets, and campuses in Shanghai City were selected, and the epiphytic bryophytes on ten trees in sixteen 20 cm × 20 cm quadrats of each site were sampled at 4 heights above the base of tree trunk and 4 exposures. 43 species of epiphytic bryophytes including 39 mosses and 4 liverworts were recorded. The niche breadth of the 43 species calculated by Levin＇ s equation based on their coverage showed that the relationship between species number （N） and niche breadth （B） followed N = 0. 3423 e^-0.0369B, r = 0. 9347. Most epiphytic bryophytes had rather narrow niche breadth, and 67.44 % of them had a niche breadth less than 0.1, suggesting that in the protection of bryophytes, more attention should be paid on the protection of epiphytic bryophytes on trees and of their special habitats. The niche overlaps of the 43 epiphytic bryophytes species were calculated by Wang＇s equation, and the ordination plot of Principal Component Analysis （PCA） and the Minimal Spanning Tree （MST） were drawn. The results showed that these 43 epiphytic bryophytes species could be classified into three ecological groups, which had significant correlations with habitats.

关 键 词：树附生苔藓植物 上海 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]