运动员的下腰痛  

Low back pain in athletes

作　　者：丁萌[1] 张勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学体育学院运动人体科学教研室,山东省济南市250014 [2]邯郸学院体育系,河北省邯郸市056005

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2006年第44期140-142,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:了解运动员下腰痛的发病规律、发病特点以及现有治疗和康复手段,以期进一步研究如何更好在防治运动员下腰痛。资料来源:通过计算机检索Pubmed1995-01/2005-06与运动员下腰痛有关的文章,检索词为“lowbackpain,athletes”,限定语言种类为“English”;同时检索万方数据库2002-01/2005-12与下腰痛有关的文章,检索词为“下腰痛”,限定语言种类为中文。资料选择:选取关于运动员和下腰痛的文献。纳入标准:随机对照研究;实验或临床研究包含平行对照组。排除重复性研究和远期发表的综述类文献。资料提炼:共检索到英文文献71篇,经选择后采用29篇,同时采用了5篇相关中文文献。资料综合:由于运动员的职业特点,运动员下腰痛的发病率、发病原因、及治疗方面都有其特殊性。在长跑、滑雪、体操、网球及摔跤等项目中存在着相对高的下腰痛发病率。下腰痛的发生原因主要有脊柱因和非脊柱因两类。运动员下腰痛的原因多为肌肉损伤和韧带拉伤、椎间盘退行性疾病、脊椎峡部崩裂等,另外还有一个在女性运动员中相对多见的骶骨压缩性骨折。运动员下腰痛要选择正确的治疗方法。下腰痛运动员症状改善或痊愈后,功能缺乏却仍然存在,康复对功能的恢复起重要作用。结论:从现有研究来看,下腰痛在运动员尤其是不同项目中的发病情况须更大量的调查研究,治疗方面应以保守治疗为主,但有些情况手术治疗能取得更好的效果,康复是治疗的的关键,有必要制定完整系统的康复计划。对于黄种人运动员下腰痛的防治工作应更加深入。OBJECTIVE： To study the regularity, characteristics, therapy and rehabilitation of low back pain in athletes in recent years and explore how to prevent it. DATA SOURCES： A search of Pubmed for articles about low back pain in athletes published between January 1995 and June 2005 was carried out with the keywords of ＂low back pain, athletes＂ in English. Meanwhile, we retrieved Wanfang database to search the related articles published between January 2002 and December 2005 by using the keyword of ＂low back pain＂ in Chinese. STUDY SELECTION： Literatures related to athletes and low back pain were selected. Inclusive criteria were those articles with randomized controlled studies, experimental or clinical studies containing a parallel control group. Repetitive articles and long-term issued reviews were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION： Totally 71 English articles related to low back pain and athletes was enrolled. Among them, 29 articles accorded with the criteria and 5 Chinese articles were selected. DATA SYNTHESIS： The athletes＇ career features led to the specialty of incidence rate, causation and therapy of low back pain. There was higher incidence rate of low back pain in the sports of long running, skiing, gymnastic exercise, tennis, wrestle and so on. Spinal diagnose and nospinal diagnose were the two sides of low back pain＇s pathogenesis. The causes of low back pain in athletes were muscle strain/ligament sprain, degenerative disc disease and sondylolysis, etc. Sacral stress fracture occurred mostly in women athletes. Correct therapy should be selected for low back pain in athletes. Because the lack of function still existed after the symptoms improved or vanished, rehabilitation played an important role in athlete＇s recover. CONCLUSION： The occurrence of low back pain in athletes needs more researches because of its limited study in recently years, especially in different items. Conservative treatment should be taken as the main therapy about the disease and some instance operations

关 键 词：腰痛 体育运动 综述文献 

分 类 号：R339.4[医药卫生—人体生理学]