利用电声脉冲方法测量固体介质中空间电荷的原理  

Principle of Measurement of Space Charges in Solid Dielectrics Using Electro-Acoustic Pulse Method

作　　者：刘荣生[1] 屠德民[1] 刘子玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学

出　　处：《电工技术学报》1990年第1期13-20,共8页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：自然科学基金"塑料绝缘破坏机理及提高性能研究"的资助

摘　　要：新发展的固体介质中空间电荷分布的电声脉冲方法,可以在界面电荷应力波与体空间电荷应力波重叠的情况下,测量试样内的空间电荷分布。并采用宽频带的聚偏氟乙烯压电换能器,代替了窄频带的锆钛酸铅压电换能器,减小了信号电压的测量误差。分析讨论了电声脉冲方法的灵敏度、分辨能力、使用特点等。在强直流电场下,测量了在聚乙烯试样内的空间电荷分布与电场分布,验证了电声脉冲方法原理。实验结果表明,空间电荷在固体介质的预击穿过程中起重要作用。A new electro-acoustic pulse method is developed to measure the distributions of soace charges in solid dielectrics in which the stress waves from interfacial charges and volume charges overlapped.To reduce errors of measurement,a wide bandwidth PVDF Piezoelectric transducer is used instead of the narrow bandwidth PZT trans- ducer and the sensitivity,resolution and characteristics etc.of the method are analy sed. The charge distributions and electrical field distributions in PE samples are me asured under high De voltages,and the principle of the electro-acoustic pulse me- thod is proved.Experimental results show that space charges play an important role in the Pre-breakdown of solid dielectrics.

关 键 词：电声脉冲法 固体电介质 空间电荷 

分 类 号：TM215.06[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]