临安和上甸子大气本底站大气中NMHCs组成与浓度的变化特征  

STUDY ON THE COMPOSIPION OF NMHCs AND THE VARIATION OF CONCENTRATION AT LIN'AN AND SHANGDIANZI ATMOSPHERIC BACKGROUND STATION

作　　者：王木林[1] 程红兵[1] 丁国安[1] 汤洁[1] 俞向明 刘国平 周怀刚 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,中国气象局大气成分观测与服务中心,中国气象局大气化学重点开放实验室,北京,100081 [2]临安大气本底站 [3]上甸子大气本底站

出　　处：《气象学报》2006年第5期658-665,共8页Acta Meteorologica Sinica

基　　金：科学技术部国家公益性研究重点项目"大陆大气本底基准研究"(3001DID10009)

摘　　要：为研究中国大气中非甲烷烃(NMHCs)区域性本底浓度与变化特征,采用吸附富集—热脱附—气相色谱法,测定了临安(30°25′N,119°44′E,海拔132.0 m)和上甸子(40°19′N,117°07′E,海拔286.5 m)大气本底站大气中NMHCs的组成与浓度。从2003年10月至2004年7月,先后按季度分4次观测与取样,共获145个有效样品。检测出C2-C10的NMHCs组分52个,其中包括26个烷烃、17个烯烃和9个芳香烃化合物。在临安和上甸子大气中非甲烷烃总烃(TNMHCs)的平均质量浓度分别为(238.5±126.0)×10-9C,(278.7±185.5)×10-9C。两站烷、烯、芳香烃在TNMHCs中所占的比例相近,分别约为21%—33%,7%—19%,54%—70%。受源、汇和气象条件的共同影响,NMHCs浓度存在明显地日变化和季节性变化,但变化趋势两地略有不同。TNMHCs平均浓度的峰值都出现在10月,谷值分别出现在1,7月。气象要素以风向和风速的影响最为明显。TNMHCs高浓度大多与上风向存在较强污染源有关。另外发现,临安TNMHCs浓度比10 a前有明显增加。In order to study the characteristics of variation and regional background concentration for the atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbons （NMHCs） in China, the atmospheric concentrations of NMHCs were measured at Lin＇ an Atmospheric Background Station （30°25′N, 119°44′E, 132.0 m） and Shangdianzi Atmospheric Background Station （40°19′N, 117°07°E, 286.5 m） with the sorption-thermal desorption-gas chromatographic method. 145 valuable samples were collected by the four season during the period of Oct 1995 and Jun 2000. 52 NMHCs species of （22 - C10 were detected including 26 alkanes, 17 alkenes and 9 aromatics. The average concentrations of TNMHCs at both Lin＇ an and Shangdianzi are （238.5 ± 126.0） × 10 ^-9C, （278.7 ± 185.5） × 10^ -9C, respectively. The proportions of alkanes, alkenes and aromatics of NMHCs are 21% -33 %, 7 % - 19 % and 54 % - 70 %, respectively. There are the significant daily and seasonal variations of TNMHCs due to the influence sources,sinks and meteorological conditions. The seasonal peak values were appeared in October at both Lin＇an and Shangdianzi. The valley values were appeared in April or July, respectively. The influence of meteorological factor, such as wind direction and wind speed, are most outstanding. When the concentrations of TNMHCs are high, there are the strong sources on upper wind direction. On the other hand , the atmospheric concentrations of NMHCs increased notably over the year before decadal at Linan Atmospheric Background Station.

关 键 词：吸附剂 热脱附 气相色谱法 非甲烷烃(NMHCs) 本底浓度 日和季节性变化. 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]