山西白羊草草地资源与可持续利用  

Bothriochloa ischaemum Grassland Resource in Shanxi and Its Sustainable Utilization

作　　者：范庆安[1] 庞春花[2] 张建民[3] 张峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学黄土高原研究所,山西太原030006 [2]山西师范大学生命科学院,山西临汾041004 [3]山西大学生命科学与技术学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第4期432-435,共4页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省自然科学基金(200600717);山西省留学基金和山西省教育厅科技开发项目

摘　　要：白羊草草地在山西广泛分布,是具有较高经济价值的草地类型之一.以白羊草为建群种形成的草地群落,在山西各类型草地中面积最大,有2.182 1×104km2,总载畜量5 073 075(羊/a).山西白羊草草地主要由19个群系组成,其中草丛有8个群系,灌草丛11个群系.白羊草草地中饲用植物的适口性较好、营养价值较高的有80种,主要包括:(1)禾本科的白羊草、羊茅、黄背草、无芒雀麦、马唐、糙隐子草、中华隐子草、披碱草和早熟禾等;(2)豆科的兰花棘豆、铁扫帚、长萼鸡眼草、糙叶黄芪、本氏木兰、野苜蓿等;(3)莎草科的披针苔草等;(4)杂类草的委陵菜、鹅绒委陵菜、猪毛菜、鸦葱、阿尔泰紫菀、茵陈蒿、山韭、茜草、老鹳草和柴胡等;(5)半灌木类的达乌里胡枝子、多花胡枝子、茭蒿、百里香等.针对白羊草草地的利用现状,提出了白羊草草地可持续利用的科学对策.Bothriochloa ischaemum being a perennial herb is widely distributed in Shanxi, and B. ischaemum grassland is one of the important grassland resources in Shanxi. The area of B. ischaemum grassland is one of the largest among all types of grassland in Shanxi,totally 2. 182 1 × 10^4 km^2,and totally stocking rate 5 073 075 sheep/a, There were 19 Associations in B. ischaemum grasslands,including 8 associations belonge to herb communities and the others belonge to shrub-herb communities. Moreover,there were more than 80 edible herbs for livestock, including ; （1） Grass Family ; B. ischaemum, Festuca ovina, Bromus inermis , Digitaria sanguinalis , T. triandra vat. japonica, C. squarrosa , C. chinensis , Elymus dahuricus and Poa annua ; （2） Legume Family ： O. coerulea, L. cuneata, Kummerowia stipulacea, Astragalus scaberrimus, I. davurica , Medicago f alcata ; （3） Sedge Family ： C. lanceolata ~ （4） the other herbs ; Potentilla discolor, P. anserina , S alsola collina , Scorzonera ruprechtiana , tt. altaicus , A. capillaris , Ailium senescens , Rubia cordi f olia , Geranium wilf ordii and Bupleurum chinensis ; （5） sub-shrubs ; L. dahurica , A. giraldii and T. mongolicus. Those herbs had higher nutrition components for livestock. Finally,the strategies for the protecting and sustainable utilization of B. ischaemum were discussed.

关 键 词：白羊草 草地 保护和利用 山西 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]