超临界水中花生壳气化制氢的实验及机理研究  

Experimental Research on Catalysts and Their Catalytic Mechanism for Hydrogen Production by Gasification of Peanut Shell in Supercritical Water

作　　者：裴爱霞[1] 郭烈锦[1] 金辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2006年第11期1263-1267,共5页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金："九七三"国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2003CB214500);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50521604)

摘　　要：以原生物质花生壳为原料，羧甲基纤维素钠为添加剂，利用釜式反应器，在温度为450℃、压力范围为24-27MPa的条件下，考察了K2CO3、ZnCl2、Raney-Ni三种催化剂对超临界水中生物质催化气化制氢的影响．结果表明，ZnCl2对氢气的选择性最高，K2CO3次之，Raney-Ni最低，但在低温条件下Raney-Ni最有利于生物质的气化，气化率高达126．84％，氢气产率高达34．37g·kg^-1．选取ZnCl2和Raney-Ni混合使用时，氢选择性明显提高，甲烷迅速减少．通过对催化机理的探索，提出了生物质催化气化的反应路径，对实验中出现的现象和所得出的结论给予了合理解释．Peanut shell, mixed with sodium carboxymethylcellulose, was gasified at temperature of 450℃ and at the pressure ranges from 24 MPa to 27 MPa with the presence of different catalysts, including K2CO3, ZnCl2 and Raney-Ni. The experimental results manifest that different catalysts have greatly different effects on the reaction. From the view of hydrogen selectivity, ZnCl2 ranks first, K2CO3 second and Raney-Ni third. However, Raney-Ni is most favorable to gasify biomass, its gasification efficiency reaches 126.84%, and it can earn 34. 37 g hydrogen by gasifying 1 kg biomass. He selectivity increases and CH4 decreases rapidly when mixture of ZnCl2 and Raney-Ni is used at the same condition. The optimization mixture contains 0. 2 g ZnCl2 in 1 g Raney-Ni, and its hydrogen production is 43. 56 g ·kg ^-1. In addition, the catalytic mechanism of different catalysts was analysed, and the possible reaction pathway was proposed to explain experimental phenomena and results correctly.

关 键 词：生物质 超临界水 气化 制氢 

分 类 号：TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]