建设高质量永不裂缝拱坝的可行性及实现策略  

On the feasibility of building high quality arch dams without cracking and the relevant techniques

作　　者：朱伯芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院结构材料研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《水利学报》2006年第10期1155-1162,共8页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金雅砻江水电开发联合基金重点资助项目(50309020);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(50309010)

摘　　要：拱坝的真实应力状态是很复杂的,与设计计算的应力状态有相当的差别,差别太大就可能引起大坝事故甚至破坏,引起差别的原因包括:施工过程、施工期温度应力、运行期温度应力、库区水压力、渗透水、坝体接缝、地质构造、地基变形及材料预期力学热学特性与实际值的差别等。在做好地质勘探工作的前提下,通过全坝全过程仿真分析及基于有限元强度递减法的安全评估,可以充分揭露各种因素对拱坝应力、稳定及安全度的影响,避免重大事故的发生。在做好基础温差等常规温度控制的基础上,再对上下游坝面进行永久保温,有可能使拱坝永远不裂,从而提高坝的安全度和耐久性,延长坝的寿命,使拱坝建设达到新的更高的水平。The real stress state stress state in the design. The in the arch dam is complicated and may differences may be so large as to lead to be different from the computed damage to the dam. The causes leading to these discrepancies include： the construction process, the thermal stress in the construction period and operation period, the water pressure in the reservoir, the seepage, the deformation of the foundation, the joints and the differences between the real values and the predicted values of the mechanical and thermal properties of the materials. Providing thorough exploration of dam foundation is made, good finite element simulating computations and nonlinear finite element analysis by strength reduction will reveal the influences of various factors on the stress, stability and safety of arch dam. In this case damage to the dam may be avoided. If permanent thermal insulation is made on both the upstream and downstream faces of the dam in addition to the conventional temperature control of concrete, it is feasible that there will be no cracks in the dam at all. It is feasible to construct arch dam of high quality and without cracking at reasonable cost so as to raise the level of construction of arch dams.

关 键 词：拱坝 全过程仿真计算 有限元强度递减法 永久保温 安全性 耐久性 

分 类 号：TV642.4[水利工程—水利水电工程]