废轮胎回转窑中试热解炭孔隙及表面化学特性  

Porosity and surface chemistry properties of carbon blacks from pyrolysis of used tires in a pilot-scale rotary kiln

作　　者：严建华[1] 闫大海[1] 池涌[1] 裴宜星[1] 倪明江[1] 岑可法[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学热能工程研究所能源清洁利用国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（工学版）》2006年第10期1805-1810,共6页Journal of Zhejiang University：Engineering Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50076037)

摘　　要：为了设计和优化废轮胎热解炭利用工艺,利用氮气吸附法、傅里叶变化红外光谱(FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对废轮胎回转窑中试热解炭的孔隙结构及表面化学特性进行研究,分析热解温度和热解炭粒径的影响因素,并与商用炭黑进行比较.结果发现,热解炭中有很多大孔而微孔很少,Brumauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)比表面积随热解温度的升高而增大;热解炭BET比表面积与N660相当,分型维数与N330相当,热解炭粒径越大,BET比表面积越大;热解炭中C和O的含量高,含氧官能团主要为醇、酚、酯、内酯、酸酐和醚,有大量芳香稠环的存在,热解温度越高,芳构化越高;商用炭黑芳构化高于热解炭;热解炭中S元素主要以硫化物存在,N元素多以胺形态存在,而商用炭黑中S元素主要以“S-C/R-S-S-R”的形态存在.The porosity and surface chemistry properties of carbon blacks from the pyrolysis of used tires in a pilot-scale rotary kiln were investigated by nitrogen adsorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） in order to design and optimize the process of utilizing pyrolytic carbon blacks（PCBs） from used tires. The effect of pyrolysis temperature and PCB particle size and the difference between commercial carbon blacks（CCBs） and PCBs were studied. It was found that PCBs contain many macropores and a few micropores. The Brumauer-Emmett-Teller（BET） specific surface area increases with the increase of pyrolysis temperature. The BET specific surface area of PCBs is comparable with N660,and the fractal dimension is comparable with N330. The smaller the PCB particle diameter, the lower the BET specific surface area. The concentration of C and O in PCBs is high and the principal oxygen-containing functional groups in PCBs are alcohol, phenol, ester, lactone, anhydride and ether. Many polyaromatic rings are present in PCBs and the higher the pyrolysis temperature is, the more PCBs are aromatized. CCBs are more aromatized than PCBs. In PCBs, most S is present as sulphide and N as amine, while S in CCBs is mainly present as ＂S↑_-C/R-S↑_-S↑_-R＂.

关 键 词：废轮胎 回转窑 热解炭 傅里叶变化红外光谱 X射线光电子能谱 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]