结构形态创构方法——改进进化论方法及其工程应用  

An advanced structural morphosis technique——Extended evolutionary structural optimization method and its engineering applications

作　　者：崔昌禹 严慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]日本佐佐木睦朗结构设计研究所,日本名古屋4680021 [2]浙江大学,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《土木工程学报》2006年第10期42-47,共6页China Civil Engineering Journal

摘　　要：在建筑方案设计中,采用结构计算的方法来帮助建筑师确定建筑的形态具有工程意义。模仿自然界的进化现象,本文提出了一种结构形态的创构方法。该方法利用有限元法,计算结构相关力学特性(如von Mises应力分布),通过进行等值线(面)分析来评价结构承受荷载的效率,利用对曲线(面)进行“保留、淘汰、补充”的操作使结构体逐步进化并演变成合理结构。文中对该方法在两个实际工程设计中的应用进行了详细分析,并从提高进化效率的角度讨论了初始形状的合理选择。该方法可以对不同设计变量(比如约束条件,空间条件)进行设定从而得出不同建筑形态,给设计人员提供多种可参考的合理方案。利用此方法所得到的结构形态通常可以抑制弯矩产生,保证应力分布均匀且以轴力效应为主。最后讨论了该方法的有效性和实用性。The design of architectural forms by using structural computations is helpful for architects at the schematic design stage. Derived from the principle of ＂nature evolution＂ , a new structural morphosis method is put forward. The finite element approach is employed to analyze the relevant structural mechanical properties such as the yon Mises stress distribution. Resistance efficiencies of local areas are further evaluated by analyzing the contour lines or surfaces. The original structural geometry is modified iteratively by ＂preserving, eliminating or increasing＂ those areas according to their contributions to the structural resistance, so that a rational architectural form can be obtained. Two practical engineering designs obtained from this method are analyzed in detail. The choice of original structural geometry is also discussed, aiming at improving the evolving efficiency. With this method, the change of different kinds of design parameters, such as constraint or space conditions, may create different architectural forms, which is beneficial for designers. Generally, an architectural form constructed by using this method can keep the structure in a mostly uniform axial-stress state and with the bending moment controlled. The validity and practicability of the method are discussed.

关 键 词：形态优化 结构优化 非线性方法 

分 类 号：TU311[建筑科学—结构工程]