基于土地利用变化的区域城市化生态效应分析——以上海城市边缘区轴向城市化样带为例  

Study on the Ecological Effect in the Regional Urbanization based on Land Use Change:A Case Study of the Axial Urbanization Sample Zone of the Urban Fringe of Shanghai City

作　　者：郑辛酉[1] 贾铁飞[1] 倪少春[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学地理系,上海200234

出　　处：《资源科学》2006年第6期146-153,共8页Resources Science

基　　金：上海市教委科研基金项目(编号:03DQ28)

摘　　要：运用RS和GIS技术,根据上海1987年1、995年和2003年3期Landsat5 TM遥感影像记录的土地利用/覆被数据和有关的社会经济统计数据,以上海西南城市边缘区典型轴向城市化样带为例,采用生态足迹法分析了该样带内人类的生态供给与需求;提出一个评价区域人类活动生态效应的新方法,得出区域生态效应综合指数与弹性指数的模型,并根据该模型计算出的指数,对样带区域总体及其中城乡区域在城市化过程中的生态效应进行了比较与动态分析,发现20a来在人类影响下城市化区域生态环境质量呈现骤减-缓减-回复的过程,在空间上使城乡区域生态效应的性质和强度产生分异。In the case of typical axial urbanization sample zone of urban fringe on the southwest of Shanghai City, the ecological service and consumption is calculated through the ecological footprint model and adoption of the land use / land cover data interpreted by the RS and GIS tools from 3 Landsat5 TM Images of 1987, 1995 and 2003, and some relevant socioeconomic statistical data. Based on the calculation and analysis, a new method for evaluation of the ecological effect which is caused by the human activities is put forward and two models-the Integrated Index of Regional Ecological Effect （IIREE） and the Flexible Index of Regional Ecological Effect （μ△） are educed. The comparative and dynamic analysis of the ecological effect in the sample zone and its urban/rural area is conducted based on the models. Some factors affecting the ecological effect in the regional urbanization are found through these quantificational spatial-temporal researches： 1 ） the regional ecological effect has both the positive effect and the negative effect, which is a integrated concept; 2） the regional ecological effect have strong inertia. Therefore, the ecological effect of improper human activities is likely to last for some time （μ△ Sample Zone 1995-2003 is still minus）; 3） during the past two decades, the eco-environment quality of the sample zone present such a trend as from rapid decline （△IlREE Sample Zone 1987-1995 ＂=0.133,μ△ Sample Zone 1987-1995= -1. 537 ） to slow decline （ AIIREE Sample Zone 1995-2003= -0.011, μ△ Sample Zone 1995-2003= -0.013） to slight reversion; 4） the human activities in the process of the urbanization bring the spatial disparity of the regional ecological effect in terms of character and intensity, and the urbanization happened at present in the former rural area of the urban fringe seems to exert more positive driving force on the whole ecosystem than in the former urban area.

关 键 词：土地利用/覆被变化 城市化 生态效应 生态足迹法 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济] F299.2