腰椎节段形态对峡部、小关节应力及小关节接触力影响的有限元分析  

Influence of the Morphology of Lumbar Motion Segment on Isthmic Stress and Facet Contact Force: A Finite Element Analysisangzh

作　　者：刘耀升[1] 陈其昕[1] 唐小君[1] 李方财[1] 廖胜辉[2] 余世策[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属第二医院,杭州310009 [2]浙江大学计算机学院CAD&CG国家重点实验室 [3]浙江大学土木系结构工程研究所

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2006年第6期658-660,661,662,I0003,I0004,共7页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：卫生部科学研究基金重点项目(项目代码:WKJ2005-Z-046)资助

摘　　要：目的：探讨腰椎形态结构变化对峡部裂性滑脱及小关节退变的作用和意义。方法：采用改良的“非种子区域分割方法”及非平行“最佳切割平面”等一系列新型计算机辅助设计（CAD）方法精确建立包括椎间盘高度、腰椎小关节角、椎间盘前凸角改变的L4～L5活动节段有限元模型；在2700N轴向压缩载荷条件下，分别对各有限元模型的峡部、小关节应力、小关节接触力以及椎间盘负载进行测试。结果：压缩载荷下，腰椎活动节段峡部、小关节等效应力及小关节接触力随椎间盘高度的减小而减小，随小关节角的增大而增加，随椎间盘前凸角的增加而减小。结论：椎间盘高度、腰椎小关节角、椎间盘前凸角等形态结构变化对腰椎节段有限元模型的峡部、小关节应力及小关节接触力有明显的影响。提示腰椎峡部应力性骨折及小关节退变的发生与椎间盘高度、腰椎小关节角、椎间盘前凸角等解剖形态因素有关。Objective To identify the potential relation of geometric characteristics of the lumbar spine to the isthmic spondylolysis and degenerative joints under loading. Methods A series of new effective computer aided design （CAD） methods such as modified ＂no- seed region segmentation＂ and non- parallel ＂best cross - section planes＂ were used to accurately establish finite element （FE） models of the lumbar L4-L5 segment, representing the variation of disc height, facet - joint angle and lordosis angle of the intervertebral disc. The isthmic stress, facet contact force and load transmission through disc were investigated under axial compression 2700N. Results The isthmic stress and facet contact force of the FE models increased with the increas- ing of the disc height and facet - joint angle, while decreased with the increase of the lordosis angle of the intervertebral disc. Conclusion The variation of the disc height, facet - joint angle and the lordosis angle of the intervertebral disc had a manifest influence on the isthmic stress and facet contact force. It can be presumed that the occurrence of the lumbar spondylolysis and degenerative joints in athletes was closely correlated to the geometric characteristics of the lumbar spine.

关 键 词：有限元方法 椎间盘高度 小关节角 椎间盘前凸角 峡部滑脱 小关节退变 

分 类 号：R873[医药卫生—运动医学]