贵州省龙里县燃煤污染型氟中毒防治效果20年回顾  

Retrospective analysis of prevention of fluorosis of coal-burning type in Longli County,Guizhou

作　　者：张宏民[1] 罗正文[1] 聂晶[1] 温同安[1] 平波[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省龙里县疾病预防控制中心地方病科,551200

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》2006年第6期713-715,共3页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的总结贵州省龙里县20年燃煤污染型氟中毒(地氟病)防治效果,为今后地氟病的防治工作提供依据。方法采用资料回顾性方法,分析近20年来龙里县在防治地氟病工作中,开展流行病学凋查、国家投入为主改良炉灶降氟和开展健康教育干预防治地氟病3个阶段的监测结果。结果①煤、玉米和辣椒含氟量分别超过了900、200、400 mg／kg,水氟正常(<1 mg／L)。②以国家投入为主改良炉灶降氟效果明显好转,但诱发不少消极因素。③健康教育干预后村民防治地氟病知识知晓率和行为转变率增高,学生氟斑牙指数由原来的2．59下降为1．60,尿氟由原来的2.41 mg／L下降至1．45 mg／L。结论龙里县地氟病发生主要是村民不良健康生活习惯引起,以国家投入为主改良炉灶降氟收效甚微,开展健康教育干预是燃煤污染型氟中毒病区防治地氟病投入少、见效快的好方法。Objective To summarize up the 20-year experience of preventing fluorosis of coal-bum type in order to provide evidence for future prevention. Methods Epidemiologic data on the aspects of improving stoves, water defluoridation and health education were retrospectively analyzed. Results ①The fluoride contained in coal, corn and pepper exceeded 900,200 and 400 mg/kg respectively, the water fluoride was within normal range.②The national project of improving stoves gained an effective result of defluoridation, however accompanied with negative factors. ③Interference of health education made the villagers know more about the fluorosis and change their behaviors. Dental fluoride＇s index of students descended from the original number of 2.59 to 1.60, and urine fluoride from the original number of 2.41 to 1.45 mg/L. Conclusions Fluorosis in Longli is mainly caused by the unhealthy habits of the local residents. Improvement of stoves invested by the nation achieved minor effects. Health education, low in cost, fast in achieving effect, is a good method of interfering endemic fluorosis of coal-burning type.

关 键 词：氟 中毒 改良炉灶 卫生教育 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]