中国地方鸭品种资源的分子遗传多样性  

Study on Molecular Genetic Diversity of Native Duck Breeds in China

作　　者：李慧芳[1] 李碧春[1] 陈宽维[2] 杨宁[3] 马月辉[4] 汤青萍[2] 屠云洁[2] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009 [2]中国农业科学院家禽研究所,扬州225003 [3]中国农业大学动物科学与技术学院,北京100094 [4]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2006年第11期1107-1113,共7页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金："863"国家高技术研究发展计划(2001AA243081)

摘　　要：通过筛选的28个多态性较好的微卫星标记,检测了我国24个地方鸭品种的遗传多样性。利用等位基因频率计算了各群体的遗传参数和群体间的遗传距离,采用邻接法构建了聚类图,并进行了系统发生分析。结果表明:28个微卫星座位在我国家鸭群体中的多态信息含量除APL23和APL79为中度多态外,其他座位均为高度多态座位,可以作为有效的遗传标记用于鸭种之间遗传多样性分析和系统发生关系的分析;我国所有家鸭群体平均杂合度(0.569)低于国内的家鸡和家鹅,其遗传多样性相对贫乏;聚类结果分析表明了各家鸭品种的分子系统发生关系与其育成史、分化及地理分布比较一致。Twenty four Chinese native duck breeds were studied to estimate genetic diversity and genetic structure using microsatellite markers. The genetic relationships between breeds were analyzed in combination with their geographic distribution. A total of 28 microsatellite markers were amplified. All breeds exhibited genetic diversity, through the estimation of polymorphic information content （PIC） and mean heterozygosity （H） index. The mean genetic diversity of the populations was 0. 569, while the PIC values for Chinese native duck breeds showed a relatively high level, except APL23 and APL79 were similar （0. 414） and of medium polymorphic. The Neighbor-joining was used to calculate the genetic distances. Cluster analysis divided the twenty-four populations into five groups, and the genetic relationships among the populations had obvious association with their phylogenetic relationship with the historical relations and geographical distribution. The development history of native duck breeds in China seemed to have an effect on their genetic structure.

关 键 词：鸭 微卫星 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S834.2[农业科学—畜牧学]