一种新颖的无刷直流电机无位置传感器控制系统  

A Novel Sensorless Control System of Brushless DC Motors

作　　者：张磊[1] 瞿文龙[1] 陆海峰[1] 肖伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学电机系电力系统国家重点实验室电力电子分室,北京100084

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2006年第10期26-30,43,共6页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家"863"技术(2003AA501123)资助项目

摘　　要：为了实现无刷直流电机无位置传感器控制,提出了一种新颖的绕组反电动势检测方法。该方法通过比较电机断开相绕组端电压和逆变器直流环中点电压的关系,直接检测到断开相绕组的反电动势过零点,从而获得转子位置信息。本系统仅检测三相绕组中一相绕组的反电动势,通过软件延时得到六个离散的换相信号,简化了检测电路。文中对电路结构进行了分析,并在由该方法构成的无位置传感器控制系统上进行了实验验证,实验结果表明了本文提出的反电动势检测方法的有效性。A novel phase back electromotive force （EMF） detection method was presented for the sensorless control system of brushless dc （BLDC） motors. The true back EMF zero-crossing point can be directly extracted by detecting the voltage difference between the open phase terminal and the mid point in the dc link without sensing the motor neutral point voltage, and the rotor position information can be obtained by lagging the back EMF zero-crossing point 30 electrical degrees. The method proposed here is not sensitive to switching noise so that no filtering circuit is required. Only one of the three phase back EMF waveforms is detected and six discrete commutation signals which are necessary to perform the inverter commutation are obtained by software delay in this control system, so the detection circuit is simplified. The detailed circuit was analyzed and some experimental results obtained from the sensorless control system of BLDC motors are shown to verify the analysis and confirm the validity of the proposed method.

关 键 词：无刷直流电机 无位置传感器控制 反电动势过零点检测 

分 类 号：TM301[电气工程—电机]