英汉疑问词位置差异的优选分析  

An OT Analysis of Different Positions of Question Operators in English and Chinese

作　　者：张媛媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学英语教育学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《长沙大学学报》2006年第6期116-117,120,共3页Journal of Changsha University

摘　　要：优选论认为普遍语法是一系列可违反的限制条件。这些限制条件在不同的语言中有着不同的排列顺序,也就产生了不同语言的不同句法形式。英汉语中疑问词的不同位置主要是由于OP-SPEC和STAY这两个限制条件在英汉语中有着不同的排列顺序。当OP-SPEC高于STAY时就出现英语中疑问词在句首的现象,而当STAY高于OP-SPEC时,就像汉语那样疑问词留在原位。The different positions of question operators in English and Chinese are discussed here by using Optimality Theory. According to the framework of OT, universal grammar is a set of violable constrains, which are ranked differently in different languages. Different rank- ings of OP- SPEC and STAY determine the different positions of question operators in English and Chinese. In English, when OP- SPEC is ranked higher than STAY, the question operator is forced to move to the beginning of the sentence. While in Chinese, STAY is higher than OP - SPEC, so the question operator would stay in the original place rather than be moved. This phenomenon is called wh - in- situ.

关 键 词：疑问词 优选论 限制条件 指定词位置 

分 类 号：H314.1[语言文字—英语]