烟酸和烟酸铬对热应激奶牛产奶性能、血液生理生化指标的影响  

Effects of Niacin and Chromium Nicotinate on Milk Performance and Blood Physiological and Biochemical Indexes for Heat-Stressed Dairy Cows

作　　者：李新建[1] 高腾云[1] 孙宇[1] 李明[1] 田士铃 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学畜牧兽医学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南花花牛乳业有限公司,河南郑州450008

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2006年第5期26-31,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：荷兰王国国际合作项目;国家农业科技跨越计划项目(2003-22)

摘　　要：选择2-4胎次泌乳中期的荷斯坦牛15头，配对分为3组，在7～9月进行60d的饲养试验，对照组使用基础日粮，两个试验组分别在基础日粮中添加烟酸800mg／kg和烟酸铬10nag／kg。结果表明：在持续高温天气下奶牛处于热应激状态。烟酸铬和烟酸均使奶牛体温上升幅度相对较小；烟酸铬还可以保持其呼吸率正常。二者均使产奶量下降幅度较小；烟酸铬组奶牛的乳脂率明显高于对照组和烟酸组（P〈0．05）；二者也使乳中挥发性脂肪酸比对照组明显提高（P〈0．05），但对其他乳成分无显著影响（P〉0．05）。二者都能够维持奶牛血清T3、T4、COR、PRL水平的基本恒定；均显著降低了尿素氮和胆固醇水平（P〈0．05）。烟酸铬使奶牛的血液白细胞数和淋巴细胞百分比增加：烟酸仅使血液白细胞数增加。15 Holstein cows in parturition numbers of 2 -4 and mid-lactation stage were randomly divided into 3 groups to carry out a 60d feeding trial. The treatments of control group （ CG）, Niacin group （NG） and Chromium nicotinate group （CNG） were basal diet plus 0, 800mg/kg Niacin and 10mg/kg Chromium nicotinate. The results showed that dairy cows were in heat stress in the sustained hot temperature. Increasing tendency of rectal temperature were alleviated in NG and CNG; breath frequency was kept comparatively stable in CNG. Both in NG and CNG, the decline tendency of milk yield were lessened, the FFA content could be increased significantly（ P 〈 0. 05）, but other milk compositions were not influenced significantly; the milk fat content of CNG was higher than that of CG and NG. The serum levels of T3 , T4 ,COR, PRL could be kept stable and the serum urea nitrogen, cholesterol were decreased significantly（p 〈 0.05） in NG and CNG. The blood leucocyte counts and lymphocyte percent were increased in CNG and the blood leucocyte counts were increased in NG.

关 键 词：烟酸 烟酸铬 奶牛 热应激 产奶性能 血液生化指标 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]