阿勒泰地区近40年的气候变化研究  

Study on Climate Change in Altay Prefecture since Recent 40 Years

作　　者：李帅[1] 李祥余[1] 何清[2] 易莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2006年第4期637-643,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：科研院所社会公益研究专项(2005D1B6J113)资助

摘　　要：分析1961-2001年新疆阿勒泰地区气象观测资料得出,近40年,阿勒泰地区年度和四季的气温、降水变化倾向率均为正值,但蒸发量的变化倾向率却为负值。因此,气候变化呈现出气温升高、降水增多、蒸发量却略有减少的现象,这些现象有利于气候向暖湿方向发展。近年来,变暖脚步渐缓,但增湿势头不减。并且,春、夏、秋季的气温、降水变化对年度的变化影响比较显著,都通过了0.01的显著性检验。Located in north Xinjiang, China, the climate of Altay Prefecture （44°59′35″～49°10′45″N, 85°31′37″～91°1′15″E） belongs to the moderate temperate zone. In the prefecture it belongs to the typical cold continental climate except the cold mountainous climate in the Sarur Mountain, in which drought and wind occur frequently in spring, summer is short but not so hot, winter is long and cold, and the seasonal snow over is thick. In Altay Prefecture, the mean annual temperature is 3.7℃, the annual temperature range is over 30℃, the annual precipitation and evaporation are 171.5 mm and 1 814.9 mm respectively, and the frost-free period is 131 days. In this paper, the meteorological data in the Altay Prefecture during the period of 1961 - 2001 are analyzed. The results show that the trend of climate change in Altay Prefecture accords basically with that in Xinjiang and even in whole China. However, there are some distinctive regional characteristics, the change rates of annual and seasonal precipitation and temperature are positive, but the change rate of evaporation is negative, that is both the temperature and precipitation increase, but the evaporation decreases slightly. The warming process has slowed down since recent year, but the precipitation increases continuously. Besides the changing of temperature, precipitation and evaporation in spring, summer and autumn affect the annual change, and they are all pass the significance test at 0.01 level.

关 键 词：气候变化 气温 降水 阿勒泰 新疆 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]