人脑桥静脉流出端的超微结构观察及其生物学意义探讨  

Ultramicrostructure of outflow segment of cerebral bridging veins and its biology significance

作　　者：庞琦[1] 司志超[1] 贺红卫[1] 孔大伟[1] 李伯琴[2] 王汉斌[1] 赵光宇[1] 朱玉方[1] 葛明旭[1] 翟国德[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省立医院神经外科,250021 [2]山东大学医学院电镜教研室

出　　处：《中华神经外科杂志》2006年第11期688-691,共4页Chinese Journal of Neurosurgery

基　　金：2005年度国家自然科学基金项目(30571917)

摘　　要：目的描述人脑桥静脉流出端的超微结构,观察该段血管的微观形态学特征,探讨其对颅内静脉血液流出的调节机制。方法非血管源性神经系统疾病病人行开颅手术,术中小心暴露并取出脑桥静脉至近静脉窦端,常规TEM样品制备方法,选取脑桥静脉流出端行超薄切片,重金属盐染色后透射电子显微镜下观察。结果电子显微镜下可见脑桥静脉流出端有大量致密排列的纤维,以胶原纤维为主,也可见弹性纤维及少量网状纤维,散在的成纤维细胞也可在电子显微镜下发现。未发现平滑肌细胞,也未发现神经纤维组织,该血管节段电镜下超微结构特征与脑静脉系统其他部位明显不同。结论脑静脉血管床贮存的大量静脉血液可以通过容量调节影响到颅内压力变化,而脑桥静脉作为颅内静脉血液流出的最后通路,流出端具有的特殊形态学特征提示其可能是脑血液循环中静脉血液流出的关键环节。由于该段静脉血管壁没有发现平滑肌细胞,也未发现神经纤维组织,而致密分布的胶原纤维本身不具有自主舒缩功能,因此推测该段血管缺乏主动调控机制。研究脑桥静脉流出端参与静脉血液流出的被动调节机制可为下一步针对脑静脉系统临床治疗颅内压增高开辟新的研究领域。Objective Observe the uhramicrostructure features of outflow segment of cerebral bridging veins and explore the regulatory mechanism of the blood flow out from the cerebral veins. Methods The bridging veins were obtained from the patients suffered from non-venous disorder diseases in central nervous system, the completed juncture of bridging veins as close as possible to superior sagittal sinus was isolated and sliced. Then serial sections of the outflow segments were observed with transmission electron microscope. Results It is thus clear that lots of collagenous fibers located at the outflow segment which presented pyknotie permutation shape. The snapback fibre and little reticular fibre can be found. Such morphology characteristic was, obviously different from other parts of cerebral veins system. The smooth muscle cell and nerve fibers were not detected in all the samples. Conclusion The outflow segment of bridging veins was the final common pathway of intracranial blood circulation. Its special morphology pattern indicated that it was the possible key point to control vein flowing out. Since collagenous fibers cannot contract and dilate independently and smooth muscle cell and nerve fibers were not detected, the control mechanism here must be passive. The investigation about how the outflow segment control the venous blood flowing will develop new territory for future clinical management to intracranial hypertension aiming at cerebral vein system.

关 键 词：人脑桥静脉 流出端 超微结构 颅内压 

分 类 号：R651[医药卫生—外科学]