酸沉降破坏材料的经济损失估算研究  

Study on Economic Estimates of Acid Deposition Damage to Materials

作　　者：杨志明[1] 王文兴[1] 张婉华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《上海环境科学》1996年第8期14-17,共4页Shanghai Environmental Sciences

基　　金："七.五"攻关项目

摘　　要：通过对广东、广西两省酸沉降破坏材料造成的经济损失的估算研究,提出了一套实用的估算方法。该方法借助材料损伤函数及材料受破坏而造成的经济损失的定量化来计算给定酸沉降污染水平的具体经济损失,提出按5个步骤来进行:(1)估算材料范围的确定;(2)污染因素和损伤函数的选定;(3)材料使用寿命的求取;(4)不同污染区材料量的分布;(5)年经济损失的估算。研究结果表明:两广大气环境腐蚀材料造成的经济损失占其国民生产总值的百分比广东为1.0％,广西为0.9％;大范围材料破坏的经济损失估算可只考虑数量较大的材料;经济损失估算可以重污染区,即pH<4.5的地区为重点。Through economic estimates of acid deposition damage to materials in Kuandong and Kuansi provinces, a set of estimate method has been put forward. This method adopted damage function of material and quantitatively calculated the economic damage caused by acid deposition. Five steps have been provided: 1) limitation of material estimates; 2) option of pollution elements and damage functions; 3) life-time of materials used; 4) distribution of material amount in different pollution areas: and 5) estimates of annual economic damage. The results showed that economic damage caused by acid deposition in Kuandong and Kuansi were about 1.0% and 0.9% of gross production value respectively. The large scale economic damage estimates caused by acid deposition were only taking great amount materials and heavy pollution areas (pH<4.5) into account.

关 键 词：酸雨 空气污染物 经济损失 计算方法 

分 类 号：X517[环境科学与工程—环境工程]