油田化学剂对原油破乳剂YT-100脱水效果的影响  

Effects of Oilfield Chemicals on Crude Oil Dehydration by Demulsifier YT-100

作　　者：张卫东 程玉虎[2] 朱好华[3] 王妍琼 高美芝[3] 

机构地区：[1]西安奥德石油工程技术有限公司,陕西西安710021 [2]长庆石油勘探局第三采油技术服务处,宁夏银川750006 [3]长庆石油勘探局长庆化工公司,宁夏银川750200

出　　处：《油田化学》2006年第2期132-135,共4页Oilfield Chemistry

摘　　要：实验考察了可能进入原油集输系统的多种化学剂、工作液对原油破乳脱水的影响。所用破乳剂为长庆油田广泛使用的水溶性改性聚醚YT-100．加量100mg／L，个别情况下加量在50～150mg／L范围；原油为马岭石蜡基低硫原油，含水20％～45％，不合任何化学剂，在实验条件下（33℃，2h），不加破乳剂时脱水率为零，加入破乳制时脱水率在83．3％～98．0％范围。低固相聚合物钻井液（加量≤10％）、硼交联瓜尔胶压裂液破胶液（≤10％）、pH4～6的土酸乏酸液（5％）不利于破乳脱水；溶剂型清蜡剂CX-2（≤0．5％）有利于破乳脱水：杀菌剂（150mg／L）的影响随化学类型而定，季铵盐类的SJ-66有利于而多元醛类的SJ-99有害于破乳脱水；阻垢剂（30，100mg/L）有利于破乳脱水，聚磷酸盐类的ZG-930比聚羧酸类的ZG-108更有效；聚合铝／聚合铁复合絮凝剂XN-90（0．2％）对破乳脱水的负面影响很大，加大破乳剂量可减轻其影响；聚合物HPAM（5，10mg／L）完全不影响破乳脱水，弱凝胶（5，10mg／L）使脱水率降低。NaOH严重影响破乳脱水，加入0．3％NaOH使脱水率由92．4％降至零；盐酸促进破乳脱水，加入5％盐酸（1：1）使脱水率由93．6％增至100．0％。因此，酸有利破乳而碱不利于破乳。表1参3。The effects on crude oil demulsification/dehydration of oilfield chemical agents and working fluids invaded or introduced into crude oil gathering systems are investigated experimentally, The demulsifier （D） taken is a water soluble modified block-copolyether. YT-100. widely used in Changqing oil fields at a standard dosage 100 mg/L and 50-150 mg/L in one set of tests, The trot crude is low sulfur paraffinic oil of Maling, Changqing, with water cut 20-4.5% and without any foreign chemicals blended and the hydration rate （HR） for this crude under lest renditions （33℃ ,2 hrs） is zero without D added and is in range 83.3-98.0% with the D added, A low solid phase polymer drilling fluid （at dosages≤10 % ）, a broken guar/borax fracturing fluid （≤ 10 % ） and a spent mud acidizing fluid of pH= 4-6 （5%） impede the COD/D in ,rome extent;solvent type wax remover CX-2 （≤0 .5% ） pmmotes the COD/D; bactericides （ 1.50 mg/L） affect the COD/D differently： quartenary ammonium salt SJ-66 promotes but polyaldehyde SJ-99 hinders the COD/D; ,scale inhibitors （30 and 100 mg/L） are favorable while ZG-930, a polyphosphoric acid salt inhibitor, is more effective in enhancing the COD/D than ZG-108, a polycarboxylic acid inhibitor; coagulant XN-90, polyaluminum/polyferric chlorides, （0.2 % ） significantly impedes the COD/D and increasing its dosage can lessen this bad influence; polymer HPAM （5 and 10 mg/L） does not affect the （X）D/D; weak gel （5 and 10 mg/L） decreases the DR. NaOH hinders seriously and hydrochloric acid enhances the COD/D： 0,3% NaOH added decreases the DR from 92.4% to zero and 5% HCI（ 1 ： 1 ） added increases the DR from 93.6% to 100%. It is concluded that acids are advantageous to and alkalines are harmful to the COD/D.

关 键 词：原油破乳剂 水溶性改性聚醚 油包水乳状液 破乳脱水 影响因素 油田化学剂 油田作业液 长庆马岭油田 

分 类 号：TE869[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程] TE868