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作 者:肖炜[1] 杨亚玲[3] 刘宏伟[1] 文孟良[1] 崔晓龙[1] 段东成[2] 陈维[2] 彭谦[1] 陈义光[1] 邓岚[1] 李沁元[4] 王治刚[1] 任禛[1] 徐丽华[1]
机构地区:[1]云南大学云南省微生物研究所云南省生物资源保护与利用重点实验室,昆明650091 [2]云南盐化股份有限公司,昆明650011 [3]昆明理工大学生物与化学工程学院,昆明650224 [4]云南大学生命科学教学实验中心,昆明650091
出 处:《微生物学报》2006年第6期967-972,共6页Acta Microbiologica Sinica
基 金:国家自然科学基金(30460004;30360004;30660004);云南省自然科学基金重点项目(2004C0002Z);云南省中青年学术带头人后备人才基金(2005PY10~1);教育部留学回国人员启动基金;云南省教育厅基金项目(5Y0199B)~~
摘 要:为了了解昆明盐矿古老岩盐沉积中可培养细菌的多样性,用MBA和ISP2分离和培养了昆明盐矿卤水和盐晶中的细菌44株。发现盐晶中的可培养好氧细胞数量(3.1×10^3~3.7×10^6CFU/g)远远高于卤水中的数量(1.3-6.3×10^3CFU/L)。分离所得纯培养物的16S rDNA序列系统发育分析结果表明,44株菌可分为4大类群34个不同的分类单元(16S rDNA序列相似性大于97%为同一分类单元)。24株属于厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,54.6%),2株属于变形菌门α亚群(α-Proterbacteria,4.6%),4株属于变形菌门γ亚群(γ-Proterbacteria,9.1%),14株属于放线细菌门(Actinobacteria,31.7%)。卤水和盐晶中的优势菌都是Bacillus属菌(26.1%和59.9%)。据16S rDNA序列相似性分析发现7株菌为可能的新种或属。此外,还筛选到7株抗菌活性菌株。研究表明,昆明盐矿古老岩盐沉积中,不仅含有较为丰富的微生物物种多样性,并且存在许多未被认识的新物种和生物活性菌株,为古老岩盐沉积中微生物的深入研究奠定了基础。In order to understand the diversity of culturable bacteria, 44 bacteria strains inhabiting brines and salt crystals in the Kunming Salt Mine, P. R. China were isolated and cultured. Results showed that the numbers of the bacteria isolated from salt crystals (3.1 × 10^3 - 3.7 × 10^6 CFU/g) were higher than those from brines (1.3 -6.3 ×10^3 CFU/L). A neighbor-joining tree of the partial 16S rDNA sequences (about 600bp of 5′-end) showed that 44 strains were phylogenetically clustered into 4 major groups and 44 distinct lineages or species (the similarities of 16S rDNA sequences 〈 97%)- 24 strains of Firmicutes (54.6%), 2 strains of α-Proteobacteria (4.6%), 4 strains of γ-Proteobacteria (9.1% ) and 14 strains of Actinobacteria (31.7%). Strains of the genus Bacillus (26.1% and 59.9% ) were the most predominant microorganisms among brines and salt crystals. Additionally, seven potential novel species were found, based on the similarities of 16S rDNA sequences to those of previously published species, and seven strains with bioactivities against pathogenic microorganisms were isolated. The conclusion is that there are a number of novel species and bioactive strains, as well as great diversity in Kunming Salt Mine.
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